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Sieĝo de Mantovo (1796-1797) Siege of Mantua (1796–1797) Oblężenie Mantui (1796–1797) Siège de Mantoue (1796-1797) Assedio di Mantova (1796) 曼圖亞圍城戰 (1796年－1797年) Belagerung von Mantua (1796–1797) Осада Мантуи (1796)
rdfs:comment
Oblężenie Mantui – działania zbrojne wojsk francuskich podczas kampanii włoskiej w trakcie wojny z I koalicją antyfrancuską, trwające od 4 czerwca 1796 do 2 lutego 1797. Zakończone zdobyciem miasta i twierdzy przez wojska Napoleona Bonaparte. Il primo assedio di Mantova ebbe luogo durante la campagna d'Italia del 1796-1797 iniziata da Napoleone Bonaparte, il quale, dopo aver sconfitto Vittorio Amedeo III e le forze austriache di Jean-Pierre de Beaulieu a Lodi, si spinse verso est cingendo d'assedio la città dell'attuale Lombardia. L'assedio, impostato dai francesi dopo la battaglia di Lodi, si articolò in tre fasi: una prima volta i francesi levarono l'assedio per fronteggiare la controffensiva dei generali austriaci Würmser e Quosdanovich che, benché sconfitti, riuscirono a rinforzare la guarnigione ritornata nel frattempo sotto assedio; il secondo assedio ebbe termine il 12 settembre 1796 quando Würmser, tallonato dai francesi, forzò con successo il blocco nemico entrando con i suoi uomini in città ma rimanendovi a sua volta Die Belagerung von Mantua war Teil des Italienfeldzuges von Napoleon Bonaparte, der vor allem gegen Österreich gerichtet war. Mantua nahm eine strategische Schlüsselstellung ein, weil es den Zugang nach Tirol beherrschte, und war schließlich die letzte österreichische Bastion in Norditalien. Die Belagerung begann Anfang Juni 1796. Wegen des Herannahens eines österreichischen Entsatzheeres musste Napoleon die Belagerung am 31. Juli aufheben. In verschiedenen Gefechten und Schlachten blieb Napoleon siegreich, sodass er seit Ende August die Stadt erneut blockieren ließ. Weitere Entsatzversuche der Österreicher schlugen fehl, und der inzwischen in der Stadt kommandierende Feldmarschall Dagobert Wurmser kapitulierte am 2. Februar 1797. Die Belagerung kostete nicht nur durch direkte Kriegshandlu Dum la Sieĝo de Mantovo, kiu daŭris el la 4a de Julio 1796 al la 2a de Februaro 1797 kun mallonga ekrompo, Franciaj fortoj sub la ĝenerala komando de Napoleono Bonaparte sieĝis kaj blokis grandan soldataron de Aŭstrianoj ĉe Mantovo dum multaj monatoj ĝis tiu kapitulacis. Tiu finfina kapitulaco, kune kun la fortaj perdoj okazigitaj dum kvar malsukcesaj klopodoj por liberigo, kondukis nerekte la Aŭstrianoj al peto por paco en 1797. La sieĝo okazis dum la Unua Koalicio-Milito, kiu siavice estas parto de la Francaj revoluciaj militoj. Mantovo, urbo en la regiono Lombardio de norda Italio, kuŝas ĉe la rivero Mincio. Le siège de Mantoue eut lieu du 30 mai au 1er août 1796 puis du 27 août 1796 au 2 février 1797. Осада Мантуи — главное событие Итальянской кампании 1796—1797 годов Наполеона Бонапарта, определившее весь дальнейший ход кампании, так как после того, как 10 мая 1796 года французская армия одержала победу при Лоди, а 30 мая прорвала широко растянутую позицию австрийцев при Боргетто и заставила их отступить в Тироль, крепость Мантуя с оставленным австрийским гарнизоном численностью в 13700 блокировала с тыла все дальнейшие попытки французской армии наступать за Альпы, в Австрию. Хотя все четыре попытки австрийцев освободить город были сорваны французами, армия Бонапарта на восемь месяцев задержалась на территории северной Италии и не смогла продолжить так успешно начатое в апреле наступление. During the siege of Mantua, which lasted from 4 July 1796 to 2 February 1797 with a short break, French forces under the overall command of Napoleon Bonaparte besieged and blockaded a large Austrian garrison at Mantua for many months until it surrendered. This eventual surrender, together with the heavy losses incurred during four unsuccessful relief attempts, led indirectly to the Austrians suing for peace in 1797. The siege occurred during the War of the First Coalition, which is part of the French Revolutionary Wars. Mantua, a city in the Lombardy region of Italy, lies on the Mincio River. 曼图亚圍城戰發生於1796年7月4日至1797年2月2日（中間有一短暫的停火期），拿破崙·波拿巴領導的法國軍隊包圍並封鎖了於曼图亚的一大批奧地利駐軍，持續多月，最後奧軍投降。奧地利在此次戰役中的挫敗及嚴重傷亡間接導致其在1797年求和。此戰役是法國大革命戰爭的一部份，在第一次反法同盟期間發生。交戰地曼图亚位於意大利的倫巴底地區，在明喬河畔。 把奧地利軍隊逐出意大大利的西北和中北地區後，法國在1796年6月開始把目光投向曼图亚的堡壘上。七月底，新的奧地利指揮官率領軍隊南下，援救Josef Franz Canto d'Irle的堡壘。是次行動成功，逼使法軍放棄圍城。然而，奧軍於其後的及卡斯蒂廖內之戰中落敗，維爾姆澤被逼撤退，只好以食物和駐軍加強堡壘的防禦。維爾姆澤退至阿迪傑河以北後，計劃把軍隊主力經布倫塔河畔的山谷移至。不過，拿破崙一次極為大膽的行動擊潰了的掩護軍，跟隨維爾姆澤到布倫塔山谷。拿破崙有了九月初在巴薩諾擊敗奧軍的經驗，嘗試清剿維爾姆澤的軍隊，但未能成功，卻把軍隊追逐到曼图亚。結果，曼图亚的駐軍增至三萬人，但與外界的援助被切斷，士兵開始死於疾病與飢餓。
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General Wurmser surrenders to General Sérurier.
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18000 179 7000 325 16000
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Habsburg monarchy French Republic
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Charles Kilmaine Dagobert von Wurmser Napoleon Bonaparte Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier
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Siege of Mantua
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French victory
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dbo:abstract
Осада Мантуи — главное событие Итальянской кампании 1796—1797 годов Наполеона Бонапарта, определившее весь дальнейший ход кампании, так как после того, как 10 мая 1796 года французская армия одержала победу при Лоди, а 30 мая прорвала широко растянутую позицию австрийцев при Боргетто и заставила их отступить в Тироль, крепость Мантуя с оставленным австрийским гарнизоном численностью в 13700 блокировала с тыла все дальнейшие попытки французской армии наступать за Альпы, в Австрию. Хотя все четыре попытки австрийцев освободить город были сорваны французами, армия Бонапарта на восемь месяцев задержалась на территории северной Италии и не смогла продолжить так успешно начатое в апреле наступление. Oblężenie Mantui – działania zbrojne wojsk francuskich podczas kampanii włoskiej w trakcie wojny z I koalicją antyfrancuską, trwające od 4 czerwca 1796 do 2 lutego 1797. Zakończone zdobyciem miasta i twierdzy przez wojska Napoleona Bonaparte. Dum la Sieĝo de Mantovo, kiu daŭris el la 4a de Julio 1796 al la 2a de Februaro 1797 kun mallonga ekrompo, Franciaj fortoj sub la ĝenerala komando de Napoleono Bonaparte sieĝis kaj blokis grandan soldataron de Aŭstrianoj ĉe Mantovo dum multaj monatoj ĝis tiu kapitulacis. Tiu finfina kapitulaco, kune kun la fortaj perdoj okazigitaj dum kvar malsukcesaj klopodoj por liberigo, kondukis nerekte la Aŭstrianoj al peto por paco en 1797. La sieĝo okazis dum la Unua Koalicio-Milito, kiu siavice estas parto de la Francaj revoluciaj militoj. Mantovo, urbo en la regiono Lombardio de norda Italio, kuŝas ĉe la rivero Mincio. Le siège de Mantoue eut lieu du 30 mai au 1er août 1796 puis du 27 août 1796 au 2 février 1797. Il primo assedio di Mantova ebbe luogo durante la campagna d'Italia del 1796-1797 iniziata da Napoleone Bonaparte, il quale, dopo aver sconfitto Vittorio Amedeo III e le forze austriache di Jean-Pierre de Beaulieu a Lodi, si spinse verso est cingendo d'assedio la città dell'attuale Lombardia. L'assedio, impostato dai francesi dopo la battaglia di Lodi, si articolò in tre fasi: una prima volta i francesi levarono l'assedio per fronteggiare la controffensiva dei generali austriaci Würmser e Quosdanovich che, benché sconfitti, riuscirono a rinforzare la guarnigione ritornata nel frattempo sotto assedio; il secondo assedio ebbe termine il 12 settembre 1796 quando Würmser, tallonato dai francesi, forzò con successo il blocco nemico entrando con i suoi uomini in città ma rimanendovi a sua volta bloccato. Altri tentativi austriaci di liberare la città vennero frustrati dai francesi in seguito alla battaglia del ponte di Arcole e di Rivoli, determinando la caduta della città, conclusasi con l'onore delle armi concesso a Würmser, il 2 febbraio 1797. During the siege of Mantua, which lasted from 4 July 1796 to 2 February 1797 with a short break, French forces under the overall command of Napoleon Bonaparte besieged and blockaded a large Austrian garrison at Mantua for many months until it surrendered. This eventual surrender, together with the heavy losses incurred during four unsuccessful relief attempts, led indirectly to the Austrians suing for peace in 1797. The siege occurred during the War of the First Coalition, which is part of the French Revolutionary Wars. Mantua, a city in the Lombardy region of Italy, lies on the Mincio River. After driving the Austrian army out of northwest and north-central Italy, the French invested the fortress of Mantua starting in early June 1796. In late July, a new Austrian commander, Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser led an army to the relief of Josef Franz Canto d'Irles' garrison from the north. Mantua was reached and the French were forced to abandon the siege. However, the Austrians were subsequently beaten in the battles of Lonato and Castiglione. Forced to retreat, Wurmser resupplied and reinforced the fortress with food and able-bodied troops. After withdrawing north up the Adige River, Wurmser planned to move his main army through the mountains to Bassano via the Brenta valley. From there he would mount the second relief of Mantua from the northeast. In an exceedingly bold maneuver, Bonaparte smashed Paul Davidovich's covering force and followed Wurmser down the Brenta valley. Overcoming the Austrian army at Bassano in early September, Bonaparte tried to destroy Wurmser but failed. Instead he chased the bulk of the Austrian army into Mantua. The garrison now counted 30,000 men, but cut off from outside help, disease and starvation began mowing down Wurmser's troops. A new commander József Alvinczi led the third relief of Mantua in November. While Alvinczi marched from the northeast, Davidovich's column moved down from the north. Alvinczi defeated Bonaparte twice and moved to the gates of Verona while Davidovich drubbed his French opponent in the Adige valley. At his last gasp, Bonaparte crossed the Adige behind Alvinczi's left flank at Arcole. The fighting raged for three days but the French finally prevailed, forcing the Austrians to pull back. Free of Alvinczi, Bonaparte attacked Davidovich and forced his corps to retreat also. For the fourth relief of Mantua, Alvinczi advanced his main army from the north while sending two smaller columns to threaten the French from the northeast. The French crushed the Austrian main army at Rivoli. Leaving two divisions to finish off Alvinczi, Bonaparte rapidly moved south and arrived near Mantua in time to destroy one of the other Austrian columns. With no hope of further help, Wurmser surrendered Mantua in early February. Die Belagerung von Mantua war Teil des Italienfeldzuges von Napoleon Bonaparte, der vor allem gegen Österreich gerichtet war. Mantua nahm eine strategische Schlüsselstellung ein, weil es den Zugang nach Tirol beherrschte, und war schließlich die letzte österreichische Bastion in Norditalien. Die Belagerung begann Anfang Juni 1796. Wegen des Herannahens eines österreichischen Entsatzheeres musste Napoleon die Belagerung am 31. Juli aufheben. In verschiedenen Gefechten und Schlachten blieb Napoleon siegreich, sodass er seit Ende August die Stadt erneut blockieren ließ. Weitere Entsatzversuche der Österreicher schlugen fehl, und der inzwischen in der Stadt kommandierende Feldmarschall Dagobert Wurmser kapitulierte am 2. Februar 1797. Die Belagerung kostete nicht nur durch direkte Kriegshandlungen, sondern vor allem durch Seuchen auf beiden Seiten zahlreiche Opfer. 曼图亚圍城戰發生於1796年7月4日至1797年2月2日（中間有一短暫的停火期），拿破崙·波拿巴領導的法國軍隊包圍並封鎖了於曼图亚的一大批奧地利駐軍，持續多月，最後奧軍投降。奧地利在此次戰役中的挫敗及嚴重傷亡間接導致其在1797年求和。此戰役是法國大革命戰爭的一部份，在第一次反法同盟期間發生。交戰地曼图亚位於意大利的倫巴底地區，在明喬河畔。 把奧地利軍隊逐出意大大利的西北和中北地區後，法國在1796年6月開始把目光投向曼图亚的堡壘上。七月底，新的奧地利指揮官率領軍隊南下，援救Josef Franz Canto d'Irle的堡壘。是次行動成功，逼使法軍放棄圍城。然而，奧軍於其後的及卡斯蒂廖內之戰中落敗，維爾姆澤被逼撤退，只好以食物和駐軍加強堡壘的防禦。維爾姆澤退至阿迪傑河以北後，計劃把軍隊主力經布倫塔河畔的山谷移至。不過，拿破崙一次極為大膽的行動擊潰了的掩護軍，跟隨維爾姆澤到布倫塔山谷。拿破崙有了九月初在巴薩諾擊敗奧軍的經驗，嘗試清剿維爾姆澤的軍隊，但未能成功，卻把軍隊追逐到曼图亚。結果，曼图亚的駐軍增至三萬人，但與外界的援助被切斷，士兵開始死於疾病與飢餓。
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