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- The British Army's Wireless Set, Number 10, was the world's first microwave relay telephone system. It transmitted eight full-duplex (two-way) telephone channels between two stations limited only by the line-of-sight, often on the order of 25 to 50 miles (40 to 80 km). The stations were mounted in highly mobile trailers and were set up simply by aiming the two parabolic antennas on the roof at the next station. The basic concept became possible with the introduction of two key technologies in 1940: the cavity magnetron, which produced microwave signals with reasonable efficiency; and pulse-code modulation (PCM), which offered a simple way to encode the signals on a magnetron. As the available bandwidth was high, eight channels were combined into a single link using time-division multiplexing. Early experiments with single-duplex (one-way) systems were carried out in 1941 and 1942 which demonstrated the basic concept. By that point, improvements in electronics allowed for a full-duplex system. Testing of a long-range system began in 1942 and overwater tests followed. The system was ready for service in 1944, and military-quality sets were available for D-Day operations. The range was enough that it was used to provide secure communications from the D-Day beaches back to England across the English Channel. The system could be extended into a relay by connecting trailers together, or through existing landlines, and in doing so the range was eventually extended into Germany. Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery would later note: By using a chain of No. 10 Set Stations, I was able to maintain my tactical HQ as far forward as I did and still have contact with London. The value of being able to retain personal contact over my Armies in these circumstances cannot be overestimated. (en)
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- 20088 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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- The British Army's Wireless Set, Number 10, was the world's first microwave relay telephone system. It transmitted eight full-duplex (two-way) telephone channels between two stations limited only by the line-of-sight, often on the order of 25 to 50 miles (40 to 80 km). The stations were mounted in highly mobile trailers and were set up simply by aiming the two parabolic antennas on the roof at the next station. (en)
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- Wireless Set Number 10 (en)
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