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- Spanische Festungen sind auf den Philippinen recht häufig anzutreffen, sie befinden sich in der Regel in einem schlechten Erhaltungszustand. In einem weitestgehend guten Zustand, teilweise rekonstruiert, befinden sich die Festungen Fuerza de Capul, der Wachturm in Dauis, die Fuerza Punta Cruz, das Fuerza de San Andres und die Fuerza de Sta. Isabel. Diese fünf Festungswerke befinden sich seit 2006 auf der Vorschlagsliste der Philippinen zur Aufnahme in die Welterbeliste der UNESCO. (de)
- The Spanish forts of the Philippines, or fuerzas, are strongholds constructed by Filipinos and Spaniards primarily for protection against local and foreign aggressors during the Spanish colonial period, and during the subsequent American and Japanese occupations. Many are badly damaged, either due to old age or past conflicts. Currently, there are initiatives for restorations of all forts, beginning when the Baluarte Luna of La Union and the Intramuros of Manila were restored in the 2010s. In 2013, a typhoon and earthquake hit Central Visayas and damaged numerous Spanish fortifications, leading to the largest restoration activity for fortifications in Philippine history. (en)
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- Spanische Festungen sind auf den Philippinen recht häufig anzutreffen, sie befinden sich in der Regel in einem schlechten Erhaltungszustand. In einem weitestgehend guten Zustand, teilweise rekonstruiert, befinden sich die Festungen Fuerza de Capul, der Wachturm in Dauis, die Fuerza Punta Cruz, das Fuerza de San Andres und die Fuerza de Sta. Isabel. Diese fünf Festungswerke befinden sich seit 2006 auf der Vorschlagsliste der Philippinen zur Aufnahme in die Welterbeliste der UNESCO. (de)
- The Spanish forts of the Philippines, or fuerzas, are strongholds constructed by Filipinos and Spaniards primarily for protection against local and foreign aggressors during the Spanish colonial period, and during the subsequent American and Japanese occupations. Many are badly damaged, either due to old age or past conflicts. Currently, there are initiatives for restorations of all forts, beginning when the Baluarte Luna of La Union and the Intramuros of Manila were restored in the 2010s. In 2013, a typhoon and earthquake hit Central Visayas and damaged numerous Spanish fortifications, leading to the largest restoration activity for fortifications in Philippine history. (en)
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- Spanische Festungen auf den Philippinen (de)
- Spanish colonial fortifications in the Philippines (en)
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- wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Front_view_Kutang_San_Diego_Gumaca,_Quezon.jpg
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