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Robert Alfred Simon (1897 in New York City – 27 April 1981 in New York City) was an American writer, translator, and music critic for The New Yorker from its first issue in 1925 until 1948. A graduate of Columbia University, in addition to his original fiction he wrote opera and musical comedy librettos for several composers. In 1927 he penned a widely praised English translation of Gounod's Faust as well as new librettos for Carmen and The Abduction From the Seraglio for Vladimir Rosing's American Opera Company.