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- Professors in the United States commonly occupy any of several positions of teaching and research within a college or university. In the U.S., the word "professor" informally refers collectively to the academic ranks of assistant professor, associate professor, or professor. This usage differs from the predominant usage of the word professor internationally, where the unqualified word professor only refers to "full professors." The majority of university lecturers and instructors in the United States, as of 2015, do not occupy these tenure-track ranks, but are part-time adjuncts, or more commonly referred as college teachers. Research and education are among the main tasks of tenured and tenure-track professors, with the amount of time spent on research or teaching depending strongly on the type of institution. Publication of articles in conferences, journals, and books is essential to occupational advancement. As of August 2007, teaching in tertiary educational institutions is one of the fastest growing occupations, topping the U.S. Department of Labor's list of "above average wages and high projected growth occupations", with a projected increase of 524,000 positions between 2004 and 2014. In 2011, a survey conducted by TIAA-CREF Institute senior researcher Paul J. Yakoboski estimated that 73% of professors with senior tenure ranged between the ages of 60 and 66 and that the remaining 27% were above the age of 66. Yakoboski estimated that 75% of these professors have acknowledged that they have made no preparations for retirement due to the ongoing financial crisis and reluctance to leave their profession. A 2013 survey conducted by Fidelity Investments would echo similar results when the question about retirement came up. In 2013, the National Center for Education Statistics counted 181,530 professors, 155,095 associate professors, 166,045 assistant professors, 99,304 instructors, 36,728 lecturers, and 152,689 other full-time faculty. (en)
- 全世界，教授通常是指在学术界占据一席之地的人，一般使用“助理教授”，“副教授”和“正教授”头衔。其他国家也是用相同的头衔，但所代表的角色不完全一样。 教授的主要任务是研究和教学，但分配在两者间的精力取决于所在的学校类型。在学术会议，学术期刊中发表的文章以及出版的图书对职业的发展影响很大。截止2007年8月，在高等教育机构教书是增长最快的职业之一，在 美国劳工部发布的《高于平均水平的工资和具有高增长性职业》的榜单中名列前茅。2004年至2014年间，该职位增长了52万4千个。 2011年，根据（Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association – College Retirement Equities Fund，简称：TIAA-CREF）保罗·J·亚卡布斯基的调查显示大约73%处于高级任期内的教授处于60-66岁之前，余下的27%要大于66岁。 亚卡布斯基估计这其中有75%的教授由于金融危机的影响并没有退休打算。2013年，一份富达投资集团的调查在退休的问题上也出现类似的调查结果。 (zh)
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- 全世界，教授通常是指在学术界占据一席之地的人，一般使用“助理教授”，“副教授”和“正教授”头衔。其他国家也是用相同的头衔，但所代表的角色不完全一样。 教授的主要任务是研究和教学，但分配在两者间的精力取决于所在的学校类型。在学术会议，学术期刊中发表的文章以及出版的图书对职业的发展影响很大。截止2007年8月，在高等教育机构教书是增长最快的职业之一，在 美国劳工部发布的《高于平均水平的工资和具有高增长性职业》的榜单中名列前茅。2004年至2014年间，该职位增长了52万4千个。 2011年，根据（Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association – College Retirement Equities Fund，简称：TIAA-CREF）保罗·J·亚卡布斯基的调查显示大约73%处于高级任期内的教授处于60-66岁之前，余下的27%要大于66岁。 亚卡布斯基估计这其中有75%的教授由于金融危机的影响并没有退休打算。2013年，一份富达投资集团的调查在退休的问题上也出现类似的调查结果。 (zh)
- Professors in the United States commonly occupy any of several positions of teaching and research within a college or university. In the U.S., the word "professor" informally refers collectively to the academic ranks of assistant professor, associate professor, or professor. This usage differs from the predominant usage of the word professor internationally, where the unqualified word professor only refers to "full professors." The majority of university lecturers and instructors in the United States, as of 2015, do not occupy these tenure-track ranks, but are part-time adjuncts, or more commonly referred as college teachers. (en)
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