| dbo:abstract
|
- Khouw Tian Sek, Luitenant der Chinezen (died on November 17, 1843), popularly known as Teng Seck, was a Chinese Indonesian landlord in colonial Batavia (now Jakarta, capital of Indonesia). He is best known today as the patriarch of the prominent Khouw family of Tamboen. He was born in Batavia in the late eighteenth century. His father, Khouw Tjoen, was a successful, Chinese-born merchant, who had migrated around 1769 from Fujian to Tegal on Java's north coast, thence to Batavia. Khouw Tian Sek succeeded his father in the family business upon the latter's death. He significantly reinvested the family fortune away from moneylending and pawnbroking to landownership, which was seen as more respectable. Among his acquisitions was a great deal of land along the Molenvliet canal, a semi-rural area immediately south of old Batavia, which became the city's most prestigious business district in the mid-nineteenth century. As Arnold Wright points out, '[t]his [area] subsequently increased so enormously in value that without further effort on...[Khouw's] part he was changed from a comparatively well-to-do into an exceedingly wealthy man.' Khouw and his family commissioned three extravagant compounds along the fashionable Molenvliet (now Jalan Gajah Mada and Jalan Hayam Wuruk), of which only one, Candra Naya, has survived today. Outside Batavia, Khouw became an important landheer through his acquisition of many particuliere landerijen or landed estates – including, in 1841, the family's largest and most important estate: Tamboen. Here, they would build their palatial country seat, landhuis Tamboen (now id:Gedung Juang Tambun). Rice, indigo, sugar, coconut, rubber and peanut were all cultivated at Tamboen and the family's other landholdings. In old age, Khouw became the first member of his family to be elevated by the Dutch colonial government to the dignity of Luitenant der Chinezen. His lieutenancy, however, was honorary and entailed none of the usual political and legal jurisdiction over the local Chinese community. Khouw died in 1843. His family became one of the principal dynasties of the Cabang Atas or the Chinese culinary gentry of colonial Indonesia. All three of his sons, Khouw Tjeng Tjoan, Khouw Tjeng Kee and Khouw Tjeng Po, were later also given honorary lieutenancies by the colonial authorities. In contrast, many of Khouw's grandsons would later serve as substantive Chinese officers as part of the colonial bureaucracy. Khouw Yauw Kie (son of Luitenant Khouw Tjeng Po) became the first member of the family to be appointed to the higher rank of Kapitein der Chinezen with a seat on the Chinese Council of Batavia. Another grandson, Khouw Kim An (son of Luitenant Khouw Tjeng Tjoan), was appointed to the highest rank in the Chinese administration, that of Majoor der Chinezen and ex officio chair of the Chinese Council of Batavia. Other prominent grandsons included the philanthropist O. G. Khouw (son of Luitenant Khouw Tjeng Kee); the bureaucrat (son of Luitenant Khouw Tjeng Tjoan, brother of Majoor Khouw Kim An); and the planter and landowner Khouw Oen Hoei, Kapitein der Chinezen (son of Luitenant Khouw Tjeng Kee, brother of O. G. Khouw). To this day, an area in Asemka, Pinangsia, Jakarta is called Kebon Tengsek in his memory. (en)
- Khouw Tian Sek, Luitenant der Chinezen (meninggal pada November 17, 1843), kadang dipanggil Teng Seck atau Teng Sek, adalah seorang tuan tanah Cina Indonesia di Batavia. Ia paling dikenang sekarang sebagai kepala keluarga Khouw van Tamboen. Ia lahir di Batavia pada akhir abad kedelapan belas. Ayahnya, Khouw Tjoen, migrasi sekitar tahun 1769 dari propinsi Hokkien di Tiongkok ke Tegal, dan kemudian ke Batavia. Khouw Tjoen sukses berdagang, dan setelah meninggal usahanya diteruskan oleh putra sulungnya, Khouw Tian Sek. Ia mengalihkan aset keluarga dari usaha ke kepemilikan tanah, yang dianggap lebih terhormat di kalangan para opsir Tionghoa (baba bangsawan). Antara lain, Khouw Tian Sek menguasai banyak lahan di sepanjang kanal Molenvliet, suatu daerah pedesaan yang kelak menjadi kawasan bisnis bergengsi mulai dari pertengahan abad kesembilan belas. Menurut Arnold Wright, seorang penulis Inggris, harga tanah di daerah tersebut meningkat sangat pesat sehingga Khouw naik daun dari hanya relatif kaya menjadi salah satu orang terkaya di tanah Betawi. Khouw dan keluarganya membangun tiga kediaman megah di sepanjang kanal Molenvliet (sekarang Jalan Gajah Mada dan Jalan Hayam Wuruk). Sayangnya yang masih bertahan sampai sekarang dari ketiga kediaman tersebut hanya satu, yaitu Candra Naya. Di luar Batavia, Khouw juga memperoleh banyak tanah-tanah partikelir (particuliere landerijen) – termasuk, pada tahun 1841, tanah partikelir Tamboen (sekarang melingkupi Tambun Utara, Tambun Selatan dan Lubang Buaya). Inilah pusat kejayaan familie Khouw van Tamboen di mana dibangun pusat pemerintahan mereka, yaitu landhuis Tamboen (sekarang Gedung Juang Tambun). Beras, nila, gula, kelapa, karet dan kacang tanah semua dibudidayakan di Tamboen. Pada hari tuanya, Khouw Tian Sek menjadi anggota pertama keluarganya yang akan diangkat oleh pemerintah Belanda sebagai opsir Tionghoa dengan gelar Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen. Pangkat tersebut bersifat kehormatan tanpa hak-hak atau kewajiban-kewajiban kepemerintahaan lazimnya. Khouw meninggal pada tahun 1843. Luitenant Khouw Tian Sek mempunyai tiga putra, Khouw Tjeng Tjoan, Khouw Tjeng Kee dan Khouw Tjeng Po, yang semuanya di kemudian hari juga menjadi Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen. Sebaliknya, banyak cucu-cucunya yang nantinya menjabat resmi sebagai opsir Tionghoa di dalam pemerintahaan dan birokrasi kolonial Hindia Belanda. Khouw Yauw Kie (putra Luitenant Khouw Tjeng Po) menjadi anggota pertama dari keluarga untuk diangkat menjadi Kapitein der Chinezen dengan kursi di Dewan Kong Koan di Batavia. Cucu lainnya, Khouw Kim An (putra Luitenant Khouw Tjeng Tjoan), diangkat menjadi Majoor der Chinezen dan Ketua Dewan Kong Koan di Batavia. Satu lagi cucunya adalah filantropis berwarga negara Belanda, O. G. Khouw (putra Luitenant Khouw Tjeng Kee). Nama Luitenant Khouw Tian Sek dikenang sampai hari ini sebagai nama daerah Kebon Tengsek,Asemka di Pinangsia, Jakarta. (in)
|
| rdfs:comment
|
- Khouw Tian Sek, Luitenant der Chinezen (died on November 17, 1843), popularly known as Teng Seck, was a Chinese Indonesian landlord in colonial Batavia (now Jakarta, capital of Indonesia). He is best known today as the patriarch of the prominent Khouw family of Tamboen. In old age, Khouw became the first member of his family to be elevated by the Dutch colonial government to the dignity of Luitenant der Chinezen. His lieutenancy, however, was honorary and entailed none of the usual political and legal jurisdiction over the local Chinese community. Khouw died in 1843. (en)
- Khouw Tian Sek, Luitenant der Chinezen (meninggal pada November 17, 1843), kadang dipanggil Teng Seck atau Teng Sek, adalah seorang tuan tanah Cina Indonesia di Batavia. Ia paling dikenang sekarang sebagai kepala keluarga Khouw van Tamboen. Pada hari tuanya, Khouw Tian Sek menjadi anggota pertama keluarganya yang akan diangkat oleh pemerintah Belanda sebagai opsir Tionghoa dengan gelar Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen. Pangkat tersebut bersifat kehormatan tanpa hak-hak atau kewajiban-kewajiban kepemerintahaan lazimnya. Khouw meninggal pada tahun 1843. (in)
|
