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- George Dixon (* 1755?; † 1800) war ein britischer Seefahrer, Offizier und Entdecker. Dixon diente unter Captain Cook in dessen dritter Expedition, wo er die kaufmännischen Möglichkeiten an der Nordwestküste Amerikas kennenlernte. Nach dem Ende von Cooks Expedition wurde Dixon Kapitän in der Royal Navy. Vom Herbst 1785 bis 1788 führte er zusammen mit Nathaniel Portlock das Kommando über die Schiffe HMS King George und HMS Queen Charlotte im Dienste der Gesellschaft King George’s Sound Company of London. In den Sommern der Jahre 1786 und 1787 erforschte er die Küsten des heutigen British Columbia (Kanada), wo er vorhatte, einen Pelzhandel zu eröffnen. Er verbrachte einen Winter auf den Hawaiischen Inseln, wo er der erste Europäer war, der die Insel Molokaʻi besuchte. Seine hauptsächlichen Entdeckungen waren die Queen Charlotte Islands, der Queen Charlotte Sound, Port Mulgrave, Norfolk Bay, und der Dixon Entrance. Nachdem er in China war, wo er seine Ladung Pelze verkaufte, kehrte er 1788 nach England zurück und publizierte Voyage of Meares (1790), The Navigator’s Assistant (1791) und 1799 das Buch A Voyage Round the World, but More Particlarly to the North-West Coast of America. Es gab eine Kontroverse zwischen Dixon und John Meares, einem anderen Seefahrer, der ein Buch mit Entdeckungen Dixons als die Seinen ausgegeben haben soll. Der Streit endete damit, dass sich Dixon und Meares öffentlich in Pamphleten denunzierten. Retrospektiv gesehen hatte Dixon mit seiner Ansicht Recht. (de)
- George Dixon (1748 – 11 November 1795) was an English sea captain, explorer, and maritime fur trader. George Dixon was "born in Leath Ward, a native of Kirkoswald". The son of Thomas Dixon, he was baptised in Kirkoswald on 8 July 1748. He served under Captain Cook in his third voyage, on HMS Resolution, as armourer. In the course of the voyage he learned about the commercial possibilities along the North West Coast of America. History has not served Dixon well; for he is the least known of those who served and or were taught by Captain Cook and is only rarely mentioned in history books. When he is mentioned, he is relegated to a minor figure, overshadowed by the more dramatic figures of Cook and William Bligh, another officer on Cook's ill-fated third trip. In 1782, George Dixon was engaged by William Bolts. The Wiener Zeitung newspaper of 29 June 1782 carried a report from Fiume that, "in the early days of this month, Mr. von Bolts, Director of the , together with the English captain, Mr. Digson, arrived in this city". George Dixon wrote in the introduction to his account of the voyage he made for the Etches Company to the North West Coast in 1785–1788: So early as 1781, William Bolts, Esq; fitted out the Cobenzell, an armed ship of 700 tons, for the North-West Coast of America. She was to have sailed from Trieste (accompanied by a tender of forty-five tons) under Imperial colours, and was equally fitted out for trade or discovery: men of eminence in every department of science were engaged on board; all the maritime Courts of Europe were written to, in order to secure a good reception for these vessels, at their respective ports, and favourable answers were returned; yet, after all, this expedition, so exceedingly promising in every point of view, was overcome by a set of interested men, then in power in Vienna. The Triestine Society sent the Cobenzell in September 1783 on a commercial voyage to the Malabar Coast and China by way of the Cape of Good Hope. After leaving Trieste, she proceeded to Marseilles, where she took in the principal part of her cargo and departed that port in December. Apparently, Bolts still wished to carry out his North West Coast venture in connection with this voyage, and asked George Dixon to participate. However, Dixon went back to England, where he attempted to interest Sir Joseph Banks and English merchants in the North West Coast fur trade. This resulted in the formation of the Etches consortium, of which Dixon became a member with appointment as captain of the Queen Charlotte. The similarity is notable between the plan of the consortium and that elaborated by Bolts, which was apparently communicated to them by Dixon. In 1785, Dixon became a partner in Richard Cadman Etches and Company, commonly called the King George's Sound Company to develop fur trade in present-day British Columbia and Alaska. In September 1785 Dixon and fellow trader Nathaniel Portlock sailed from England. Portlock was in command of the larger vessel, the 320-ton bm King George, with a crew of 59. Dixon commanded the 200 ton (bm) Queen Charlotte, with a crew of 33. Dixon and Portlock sailed together for most of their three-year voyage. In the summers of 1786 and 1787, Dixon explored the shores of present-day British Columbia and southeastern Alaska. He spent the intervening winter in the Hawaiian Islands, where he became the first European to visit the island of Molokaʻi. He anchored in Kealakekua Bay, where Cook had been killed, but did not come ashore. His chief areas of exploration were Haida Gwaii and Queen Charlotte Sound, Yakutat Bay (Port Mulgrave), Sitka Sound (Norfolk Bay), and the Dixon Entrance. While not the first European to explore the region of Haida Gwaii, he was the first to realize they were islands and not part of the mainland. On the northwestern part of Graham Island he acquired a large number of sea otter cloaks in trade with the Haida of Kiusta, under Chief Cuneah. Because of the many cloaks, he named the bay where he anchored "Cloak Bay". After visiting China and selling his cargo, he returned to England in 1788 and published, in 1789, A Voyage Round the World, but More Particularly to the North-West Coast of America.The book was a collection of descriptive letters by William Beresford, his cargo officer, and valuable charts and appendices by Dixon. There was a controversy between Dixon and John Meares, another explorer who had published a book claiming credit for discoveries Dixon thought were made by others. This controversy resulted in three pamphlets by Dixon and Meares denouncing each other. In 1789 Dixon met with Alexander Dalrymple, the Examiner of Sea Journals for the East India Company and an influential advocate of maritime exploration, and the Under-Secretary of the Home and Colonial Office, Evan Nepean. He urged on Nepean the need to take up Dalrymple's plan for a settlement on the North West Coast to prevent the Russians, Americans or Spanish from establishing themselves there. Dixon was afraid that if nothing was done the coast and its trade would be lost to Britain. On 20 October 1789, he wrote to Sir Joseph Banks regarding the expedition being fitted out under the command of his former Discovery shipmate, Henry Roberts, for discovery in the South Seas. He offered suggestions on the type of vessels that would be suitable and proposed the Queen Charlotte Islands as the best place to form a settlement on the North West Coast. There was a George Dixon who taught navigation at Gosport, England and wrote a treatise entitled The Navigator's Assistant in 1791. This may or may not be the same George Dixon. Dixon arrived in Bermuda with his wife, Ann, via New York in February 1794. His intention was to revert to his original training and work as a silversmith/jeweller. This is borne out by an advertisement in The Bermuda Gazette in April 1794 announcing his intentions: "George Dixon, jeweller from London". The Bermuda Gazette soon reported that Dixon's wife Ann, "lately from England", died in childbirth in May 1794: she was buried at St George, Bermuda on 20 May 1794. Dixon was left with his only child, Marianna. He himself died shortly afterwards on 11 November 1795, as confirmed by a notice in the Cumberland Pacquet in February 1796: "[died] November 11 at Bermuda, Capt Dixon, the circumnavigator, a native of Kirkoswald in this county".. The orphaned Marianna Dixon married a Bermudian merchant, Charles Bryan Hayward, in 1814. (en)
- El capitán George Dixon fue un oficial naval, explorador y comerciante marítimo de pieles inglés, recordado por haber participado en el tercero de los viajes del capitán James Cook y por haber realizado después una de las primeras expediciones de reconocimiento de la costa Noroeste del Pacífico de América del Norte. (es)
- Le Capitaine George Dixon (1748-1795) est un officier de marine et un explorateur britannique. Il servit sous les ordres de James Cook dans sa troisième expédition, où il découvrit les possibilités de commercer sur la côte nord-ouest d'Amérique du Nord. À la fin de l'expédition Cook, Dixon devint capitaine de la Royal Navy. En 1785, il devint partenaire dans la Richard Cadman Etches and Company, communément appelée la King George’s Sound Company dont le but était de développer le commerce de fourrure dans l'actuel Canada. À l'automne 1785, Dixon commanda le navire d'exploration Queen Charlotte. Durant les étés de 1786 et 1787, il explora les côtes de l'actuelle Colombie-Britannique. Il passe l'hiver 1786-1787 dans les îles Hawaii, où il fut le premier Européen à visiter l'île de Molokai. Sa principale découverte furent sur la côte nord-américaine, les îles de la Reine-Charlotte et le bassin de la Reine-Charlotte (nommées d'après le nom de son navire), Port Mulgrave, Norfolk Bay et l'Entrée Dixon, un détroit qui porte désormais son nom. Après avoir visité la Chine et vendu son navire, il retourna en Angleterre en 1788 et publia en 1799, A Voyage Round the World, but More Particularly to the North-West Coast of America. Le livre rassemblait les lettres descriptives écrites par William Beresford, son commissaire de bord et des cartes et annexes de Dixon. Il y eut une controverse entre Dixon et John Meares, un autre explorateur Britannique, qui avait publié un livre s'accordant le crédit de découvertes que Dixon attribuait à d'autres. Cette controverses se traduisit par trois pamphlets de Dixon et Meares où ils s'accusaient mutuellement. Rétrospectivement, l'histoire semble donner raison à Dixon et considérer Meares comme malhonnête dans les découvertes qu'il s'attribuait. Il existe un certain George Dixon qui enseignait la navigation à Gosport en Angleterre et qui écrivit un traité intitulé The Navigator's Assistant en 1791, sans qu'il soit possible de dire s'il s'agit ou non du même Dixon. L'histoire n'a pas été très reconnaissante envers George Dixon : Il est moins connu que ceux qui servirent et furent formés par le capitaine Cook et est assez rarement mentionné dans les livres d'histoire, souvent relégué comme une figure mineure derrière Bligh par exemple. (fr)
- O capitão George Dixon (1755? – 1800) foi um oficial da Royal Navy e um explorador britânico. Serviu sob as ordens de James Cook na sua terceira expedição onde descobriu as possibilidades de comércio com a costa noroeste da América do Norte. Com o final da expedição, Dixon tornou-se capitão da Royal Navy. Em 1785, torna-se parceiro da Richard Cadman Etches and Company, mais conhecida como King George’s Sound Company com o fim de desenvolver o comércio de peles no actual Canadá. No Outono de 1785, Dixon comandou o navio de exploração Queen Charlotte. Nos Verões de 1786 e 1787, explorou as costas da actual Colúmbia Britânica. Passou o Inverno de 1786-1787 no Hawaii, tendo sido o primeiro europeu a visitar a ilha de Molokai. A sua principal descoberta foi feita na costa norte-americana: as ilhas da Rainha Carlota, Port Mulgrave, Baía de Norfolk e a Entrada Dixon. Visitou também a China onde vendeu o seu navio, e regressou a Inglaterra em 1788. Publicou em 1799, A Voyage Round the World, but More Particularly to the North-West Coast of America. (pt)
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- El capitán George Dixon fue un oficial naval, explorador y comerciante marítimo de pieles inglés, recordado por haber participado en el tercero de los viajes del capitán James Cook y por haber realizado después una de las primeras expediciones de reconocimiento de la costa Noroeste del Pacífico de América del Norte. (es)
- George Dixon (1748 – 11 November 1795) was an English sea captain, explorer, and maritime fur trader. George Dixon was "born in Leath Ward, a native of Kirkoswald". The son of Thomas Dixon, he was baptised in Kirkoswald on 8 July 1748. He served under Captain Cook in his third voyage, on HMS Resolution, as armourer. In the course of the voyage he learned about the commercial possibilities along the North West Coast of America. (en)
- George Dixon (* 1755?; † 1800) war ein britischer Seefahrer, Offizier und Entdecker. Dixon diente unter Captain Cook in dessen dritter Expedition, wo er die kaufmännischen Möglichkeiten an der Nordwestküste Amerikas kennenlernte. Nach dem Ende von Cooks Expedition wurde Dixon Kapitän in der Royal Navy. Nachdem er in China war, wo er seine Ladung Pelze verkaufte, kehrte er 1788 nach England zurück und publizierte Voyage of Meares (1790), The Navigator’s Assistant (1791) und 1799 das Buch A Voyage Round the World, but More Particlarly to the North-West Coast of America. (de)
- Le Capitaine George Dixon (1748-1795) est un officier de marine et un explorateur britannique. Il servit sous les ordres de James Cook dans sa troisième expédition, où il découvrit les possibilités de commercer sur la côte nord-ouest d'Amérique du Nord. À la fin de l'expédition Cook, Dixon devint capitaine de la Royal Navy. En 1785, il devint partenaire dans la Richard Cadman Etches and Company, communément appelée la King George’s Sound Company dont le but était de développer le commerce de fourrure dans l'actuel Canada. À l'automne 1785, Dixon commanda le navire d'exploration Queen Charlotte. Durant les étés de 1786 et 1787, il explora les côtes de l'actuelle Colombie-Britannique. Il passe l'hiver 1786-1787 dans les îles Hawaii, où il fut le premier Européen à visiter l'île de Molokai. S (fr)
- O capitão George Dixon (1755? – 1800) foi um oficial da Royal Navy e um explorador britânico. Serviu sob as ordens de James Cook na sua terceira expedição onde descobriu as possibilidades de comércio com a costa noroeste da América do Norte. Com o final da expedição, Dixon tornou-se capitão da Royal Navy. Em 1785, torna-se parceiro da Richard Cadman Etches and Company, mais conhecida como King George’s Sound Company com o fim de desenvolver o comércio de peles no actual Canadá. No Outono de 1785, Dixon comandou o navio de exploração Queen Charlotte. Nos Verões de 1786 e 1787, explorou as costas da actual Colúmbia Britânica. Passou o Inverno de 1786-1787 no Hawaii, tendo sido o primeiro europeu a visitar a ilha de Molokai. A sua principal descoberta foi feita na costa norte-americana: as il (pt)
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