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| - Freddie Keppard (sometimes rendered as Freddy Keppard) was an early jazz cornetist. Keppard was born in the Creole of Color community of downtown New Orleans, Louisiana. His older brother Louis Keppard was also a professional musician. Freddie played violin, mandolin, and accordion before switching to cornet. After playing with the Olympia Orchestra he joined Frankie Dusen's Eagle Band, taking the place recently vacated by Buddy Bolden. Soon after Bolden was off the music scene Keppard was proclaimed "King Keppard" as the city's top horn player . About 1914 Joe Oliver won a musical "cutting contest" and claimed Keppard's crown; soon after Keppard accepted an offer to join Bill Johnson's band in Los Angeles, California. Johnson and Keppard's band became the Original Creole Orchestra which toured the Vaudeville circuit, giving other parts of the USA a first taste of the music that was not yet known as "jazz". While playing a successful engagement in New York City in 1915 the band was offered a chance to record for the Victor Talking Machine Company. In retrospect this would probably have been the first jazz recording. An often repeated story says that Keppard didn't want to record because then everyone else could "steal his stuff". The recording company offered him $25 flat fee to make a record, far less than he was earning on the vaudeville circuit. His retort to this offer, according to Lawrence Gushee's research was: "Twenty-Five dollars? I drink that much gin in a day!". The reminiscences of the other members of the Creole Orchestra reveal that another factor was that the Victor representative had asked them to make a "test recording" without pay, and the band balked, fearing it was a ploy to have them make records without being paid. About 1917 Keppard settled in Chicago, which would remain his home . Keppard worked in Chicago both as a soloist and with the bands of Jimmie Noone, Johnny Dodds, Erskine Tate, Doc Cooke, Don Pasquall, and Lil Hardin Armstrong. Keppard made all his known recordings in Chicago from 1924 to 1927. The only recordings he is certainly on are three sides under his own name ("Freddie Keppard's Jazz Cardinals") and a dozen with Doc Cooke's Orchestra, most of which are heavily arranged and with Keppard on second trumpet. His "Stockyard Strut" is in fact a stunning improvisation on the themes and chords of "Tiger Rag". There are a few other recordings on which he plausibly may appear, and a great many more that are sometimes dubiously attributed to him. Keppard was widely imitated both in New Orleans and Chicago. Many of his contemporaries said that either Keppard was past his prime when he recorded or that his recordings do not do him justice. Nonetheless, careful listening to the sides which he is undoubtedly on reveal Keppard to be a technically very proficient player and an adventurous improviser, albeit in a rather archaic style compared to later jazz. Keppard's style is much more raggy compared to Oliver's blues tinged style. While Oliver had more admirers, to some extent preference was a matter of taste; Jelly Roll Morton, Lil Hardin Armstrong, and Wellman Braud all thought Keppard superior to Oliver. Several musicians with clear memories of Buddy Bolden said that Freddie Keppard sounded the most like Bolden of anyone who recorded. Keppard suffered from alcoholism and tuberculosis in his final years, and died largely forgotten in Chicago. (en)
- Keppard Freddie. Cornettiste et chef d'orchestre américain (La Nouvelle-Orléans,Louisiane 27-07-1890 - Chicago,Illinois, 15-07-1933). (fr)
- Freddie Keppard (Nueva Orleáns, 27 de febrero de 1890 - Chicago, 15 de julio de 1933), cornetista estadounidense de jazz. Se trata de uno de los pioneros del jazz, que llegó a ser proclamado, tras la muerte de Buddy Bolden, como el rey de la corneta. (es)
- Freddie Keppard, manchmal auch Freddy Keppard geschrieben, (* 27. Februar 1890 oder 1889 in New Orleans, † 15. Juli 1933 in Chicago) war ein US-amerikanischer Kornettist im frühen Jazz. Keppard spielte Mandoline, Violine und Akkordeon, bevor er zum Kornett wechselte. Er spielte in New Orleans im Olympia Orchestra und danach als Nachfolger von Buddy Bolden in Frankie Dusen´s Eagle Band. Er galt nach Boldens Karriereende mit seiner Einlieferung in eine Nervenheilanstalt 1907 als führender Kornett-Spieler der Stadt . 1914 ging er mit Bill Johnsons Band nach Los Angeles, und King Oliver übernahm in New Orleans seinen Thron. Mit Johnson und ihrem Original Creole Orchestra tourten sie bis 1918 in Vaudeville-Shows im ganzen Land. Das Publikum im Norden der USA erhielt so erstmals einen Eindruck des in New Orleans gespielten Jazz - damals allerdings noch nicht so genannt. 1915 erhielten sie in New York ein Angebot zu Plattenaufnahmen von Victor, Keppard lehnte aber mit der Begründung ab, die angebotenen 25 Dollar würde er täglich an Gin konsumieren . Die Möglichkeit ihn auf einigen der frühesten Jazz-Aufnahmen überhaupt zu hören, war damit für immer entschwunden . Ab 1917 zog er nach Chicago, wo er mit den Bands von Jimmie Noone, Johnny Dodds, Erskine Tate, Doc Cook, Don Pasquall, Charles Elgar und Lil Hardin Armstrong spielte. Alle bekannten Aufnahmen stammen aus Chicago, insbesondere mit Freddie Keppard Jazz Cardinals (Stock Yard Strut 1926, einer Tiger Rag Variante) und dem Doc Cooke´s Dreamland Orchestra. Nach Aussagen einiger Musiker, die noch beide kannten, hatte sein Stil die größte Ähnlichkeit mit dem des legendären Buddy Bolden, von dem keine Aufnahmen erhalten sind. Keppard starb vergessen durch Suizid in Chicago, ab 1928 an Tuberkulose erkrankt, was seine Arbeit unmöglich machte, und seit Jahren dem Alkoholismus verfallen. (de)
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| rdfs:comment
| - Freddie Keppard (sometimes rendered as Freddy Keppard) was an early jazz cornetist. Keppard was born in the Creole of Color community of downtown New Orleans, Louisiana. His older brother Louis Keppard was also a professional musician. Freddie played violin, mandolin, and accordion before switching to cornet. (en)
- Keppard Freddie. Cornettiste et chef d'orchestre américain (La Nouvelle-Orléans,Louisiane 27-07-1890 - Chicago,Illinois, 15-07-1933). (fr)
- Freddie Keppard (Nueva Orleáns, 27 de febrero de 1890 - Chicago, 15 de julio de 1933), cornetista estadounidense de jazz. (es)
- Freddie Keppard, manchmal auch Freddy Keppard geschrieben, (* 27. Februar 1890 oder 1889 in New Orleans, † 15. Juli 1933 in Chicago) war ein US-amerikanischer Kornettist im frühen Jazz. (de)
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