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- Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is the direct comparison of existing health care interventions to determine which work best for which patients and which pose the greatest benefits and harms. The core question of comparative effectiveness research is which treatment works best, for whom, and under what circumstances. Engaging various stakeholders in this process, while difficult, makes research more applicable through providing information that improves patient decision making. The Institute of Medicine committee has defined CER as "the generation and synthesis of evidence that compares the benefits and harms of alternative methods to prevent, diagnose, treat, and monitor a clinical condition or to improve the delivery of care. The purpose of CER is to assist consumers, clinicians, purchasers, and policy makers to make informed decisions that will improve health care at both the individual and population levels." Comparative effectiveness research adopts many of the same approaches and methodologies as cost-effectiveness analysis, including the use of incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). An important component of CER is the concept of pragmatic randomised controlled trials. These clinical research trials measure the benefit produced by the treatment in routine clinical practice. (en)
- Porównawcze badanie efektywności (ang. Comparative Effectiveness Research, CER) – metoda mająca za zadanie stwierdzić skuteczność stosowanych leków i procedur medycznych. Metoda polega na porównaniu różnych stosowanych w terapii leków i procedur medycznych ze względu na ich skuteczność i koszt. Tradycyjnie wykorzystuje się do tego celu badania randomizowane. Sa one jednak drogie i mało przekonujące dla lekarzy (ze względu na wyidealizowaną sytuacje badawczą). Komputerowa analiza medycznych baz danych (przechowujących informacje o przebiegu leczenia konkretnych pacjentów) pozwala analizować większe grupy pacjentów przy mniejszych kosztach. (pl)
- 比较效果研究(comparative effectiveness research，简称CER), 是一种临床实效研究。 比较效果研究是评价不同的治疗方案（如不同药物）对特定患者的疗效差异,针对不同类型患者,找出最好的治疗方法，减少不必要的医疗开支。比较效果研究有时也被称作为"以病人为中心的结局研究"。CER关心的核心问题是有效性、安全性和成本。 比较效果研究不仅考虑临床结果(从随机对照试验、回顾性和前瞻性观察研究等中得出)， 还考虑包括病人报告的结果(如生存质量、患者满意度等）和治疗的经济影响等。比较效果研究鼓励发展和应用临床登记资料、建立临床数据库以及各种电子健康信息，以便获得健康效益和经济因素等资料。 (zh)
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- 比较效果研究(comparative effectiveness research，简称CER), 是一种临床实效研究。 比较效果研究是评价不同的治疗方案（如不同药物）对特定患者的疗效差异,针对不同类型患者,找出最好的治疗方法，减少不必要的医疗开支。比较效果研究有时也被称作为"以病人为中心的结局研究"。CER关心的核心问题是有效性、安全性和成本。 比较效果研究不仅考虑临床结果(从随机对照试验、回顾性和前瞻性观察研究等中得出)， 还考虑包括病人报告的结果(如生存质量、患者满意度等）和治疗的经济影响等。比较效果研究鼓励发展和应用临床登记资料、建立临床数据库以及各种电子健康信息，以便获得健康效益和经济因素等资料。 (zh)
- Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is the direct comparison of existing health care interventions to determine which work best for which patients and which pose the greatest benefits and harms. The core question of comparative effectiveness research is which treatment works best, for whom, and under what circumstances. Engaging various stakeholders in this process, while difficult, makes research more applicable through providing information that improves patient decision making. (en)
- Porównawcze badanie efektywności (ang. Comparative Effectiveness Research, CER) – metoda mająca za zadanie stwierdzić skuteczność stosowanych leków i procedur medycznych. Metoda polega na porównaniu różnych stosowanych w terapii leków i procedur medycznych ze względu na ich skuteczność i koszt. (pl)
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- Comparative effectiveness research (en)
- Porównawcze badanie efektywności (pl)
- 比较效益研究 (zh)
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