Christian Gottlob Heyne (September 25, 1729 – July 14, 1812) was a German classical scholar and archaeologist as well as long-time director of the Göttingen State and University Library.He was born in Chemnitz, Electorate of Saxony. His father was a poor weaver, and his education was paid for by his godfather. In 1748 he entered the University of Leipzig, where he was often short of the necessaries of life.

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  • Christian Gottlob Heyne (September 25, 1729 – July 14, 1812) was a German classical scholar and archaeologist as well as long-time director of the Göttingen State and University Library.He was born in Chemnitz, Electorate of Saxony. His father was a poor weaver, and his education was paid for by his godfather. In 1748 he entered the University of Leipzig, where he was often short of the necessaries of life. He was in despair by the time he obtained a position as tutor in the family of a French merchant in Leipzig, which enabled him to continue his studies. After he had completed his university course, he was for many years in very straitened circumstances.An elegy written by him in Latin on the death of a friend attracted the attention of Count von Brühl, the prime minister, who expressed a desire to see the author. Accordingly, in April 1752, Heyne journeyed to Dresden, believing that his fortune was made. He was well received; promised a secretaryship and a good salary, but nothing came of it. Another period of poverty followed, and only by persistent solicitation was Heyne able to obtain the post of under-clerk in the count's library, with a salary of less than twenty pounds sterling. He increased this pittance by translation; in addition to some French novels, he rendered into German The Loves of Chaereas and Callirrhoe of Chariton, the Greek romance writer. He published his first edition of Tibullus in 1755, and in 1756 his Epictetus. In the latter year the Seven Years' War broke out, and Heyne was once more in a state of destitution. In 1757 he was offered a tutorship in the household of Frau von Schönberg, where he met his future wife.In January 1758 he accompanied his pupil to the University of Wittenberg, but the Prussian invasion drove him out in 1760. The bombardment of Dresden, on July 18, 1760, destroyed all his possessions, including an almost finished edition of Lucian, based on a valuable codex of the Dresden Library. In the summer of 1761, still without any fixed income, he married, and became land-steward to the Baron von Löben in Lusatia. At the end of 1762, however, he was able to return to Dresden, where he was commissioned by P. D. Lippert to prepare the Latin text of the third volume of his Dactyliotheca .On the death of Johann Matthias Gesner at the University of Göttingen in 1761, the vacant chair was refused first by Ernesti and then by Ruhnken, who persuaded Münchhausen, the Hanoverian minister and principal curator of the university to bestow it on Heyne . His emoluments were gradually augmented, and his growing celebrity brought him most advantageous offers from other German governments, which he persistently refused. Heyne was simultaneously given the post of director of the university library, a position he held until his death in 1812. Under his directorship, the library, today known as the Göttingen State and University Library, grew in size and reputation to be one of the leading academic libraries of the world, due to Heyne's innovative cataloging methods and aggressive international acquisitions policy. Unlike Gottfried Hermann, Heyne regarded the study of grammar and language only as the means to an end, not as the chief object of philology. But, although not a critical scholar, he was the first to attempt a scientific treatment of Greek mythology, and he gave an undoubted impulse to philological studies.Of Heyne's numerous writings, the following may be mentioned. Editions, with copious commentaries, of Tibullus, Virgil, Pindar, Apollodorus, Bibliotheca Graeca, Homer, Iliad; Opuscula academica, containing more than a hundred academical dissertations, of which the most valuable are those relating to the colonies of Greece and the antiquities of Etruscan art and history. His Antiquarische Aufsätze is a valuable collection of essays connected with the history of ancient art. His contributions to the Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen are said to have been between 7000 and 8000 in number. See biography by Heeren which forms the basis of the interesting essay by Thomas Carlyle; Heinrich Sauppe, Göttinger Professoren (1872); Conrad Bursian in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, xii.; JE Sandys, Hist. Class. Schol; iii. 36-44. (en)
  • Christian Gottlob Heyne, né le 25 septembre 1729 à Chemnitz (Saxe) et mort à Göttingen le 14 juillet 1812, est un philogoue et archéologue allemand.Né d'un père tisserand, il se forma lui-même et parvint à acquérir une instruction profonde malgré la misère de ses parents. Il fut longtemps attaché comme simple copiste à la bibliothèque du comte du Bruni à Dresde. Ayant commencé à se faire connaître par ses éditions de Tibulle et d'Épictète, il fut nommé en 1761 professeur d'éloquence à l'Université de Gœttingue. Il devint peu après bibliothécaire de cette ville, et président du séminaire philologique. Il devint membre de la Royal Society en 1789 et associé étranger de l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres en 1802.Sa fille, connue sous le nom de Thérèse Huber, s'est distinguée dans les lettres.Il s'est surtout occupé d'illustrer les poètes et les mythologues. Ses travaux sur les anciens poètes unissent l'érudition du philologue, de l'historien, de l'archéologue au jugement sûr et délicat de l'homme de goût. Ses principales éditions sont Virgile, de Pindare, de L'Iliade d'Homère, d'Apollodore, de Diodore . Il est également l'auteur d'Opuscula academica (1785-1811) (fr)
  • Nato in una famiglia di modeste condizioni economiche -il padre era un povero tessitore- poté studiare grazie all'aiuto del padrino di battesimo. Nel 1748 si iscrisse all'Università di Lipsia. Poté proseguire gli studi universitari grazie al lavoro come istitutore, a Lipsia, nella famiglia di un commerciante francese. Anche dopo aver terminato gli studi universitari visse per molti anni in ristrettezze. Una sua elegia in latino per la morte di un amico attirò l'attenzione del primo ministro dell'elettorato di Sassonia, il conte Heinrich von Brühl, che espresse il desiderio di conoscerne l'autore. Di conseguenza, nell'aprile del 1752 Heyne si recò a Dresda, credendo che la sua fortuna fosse ormai arrivata, ma ottenne solo un modesto impiego nella biblioteca del conte, con un misero salario. Cercò di aumentare le sue entrate con l'attività di traduzione; tradusse perciò in lingua tedesca, oltre ad alcuni romanzi francesi, Gli Amori di Chaerea e Calliroe di Caritone di Afrodisia, il romanziere greco dell'età ellenistica. Nel 1755 pubblicò a Lipsia la sua prima edizione di Tibullo, e nel 1756 a Dresda quella di Epitteto. Nel 1756 rimase nuovamente senza lavoro per lo scoppio della Guerra dei sette anni. Nel 1757 gli fu offerto un posto come pedagogo nella famiglia Frau von Schönberg, dove incontrò la sua futura moglie. Nel gennaio 1758 accompagnò il suo alunno all'università di Wittenberg, ma nel 1760 furono costretti a fuggire per l'invasione prussiana. Nel bombardamento di Dresda del 18 luglio 1760 perse tutti i suoi averi, fra cui una edizione critica di Luciano, quasi finita, che aveva preparato in base a un prezioso codice, conservato nella Biblioteca di Dresda, che in quell'occasione andò distrutto. Nell'estate del 1761 si sposò, senza avere ancora alcun lavoro fisso, e divenne fattore del Barone von Löben in Lusazia. Alla fine del 1762, comunque, fu in grado di ritornare a Dresda, dove Philip Daniel Lippert gli commissionò il testo latino della Dactyliotheca . Pochi anni dopo Heyne ottenne la cattedra di eloquenza alla Georg-August Universität di Gottinga raggiungendo così la tranquillità economica. Dopo la morte di Johann Matthias Gesner nel 1761, il posto vacante fu rifiutato prima da Ernesti e poi da Ruhnken; quest'ultimo tuttavia persuase il barone Gerlach Adolph von Münchhausen, ministro degli Hannover e responsabile amministrativo dell'università di Gottinga, a offrirlo ad Heyne. Heyne ottenne nello stesso tempo l'incarico di direttore della biblioteca dell'universit�, una posizione che conservò fino alla morte. Sotto la sua direzione la biblioteca, oggi nota come Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen divenne una delle principali biblioteche accademiche del mondo sia per dimensioni sia per reputazione, a causa degli innovativi metodi di catalogazione di Heyne e per la sua decisa politica di acquisizioni di testi. Diversamente da Hermann, Heyne considerò lo studio della grammatica e lingua solo un mezzo, non l'oggetto principale della filologia. Fu il primo a tentare un trattamento scientifico della mitologia greca, e diede un indubbio impulso agli studi di filologia. (it)
  • Christian Gottlob Heyne (* 25. September 1729 in Chemnitz; † 14. Juli 1812 in Göttingen) war ein deutscher Professor und Bibliothekar, der sich mit Altertumswissenschaft, Klassischer Philologie, Sprachforschung und Archäologie befasste. (de)
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  • Christian Gottlob Heyne (September 25, 1729 – July 14, 1812) was a German classical scholar and archaeologist as well as long-time director of the Göttingen State and University Library.He was born in Chemnitz, Electorate of Saxony. His father was a poor weaver, and his education was paid for by his godfather. In 1748 he entered the University of Leipzig, where he was often short of the necessaries of life. (en)
  • Christian Gottlob Heyne, né le 25 septembre 1729 � Chemnitz (Saxe) et mort � Göttingen le 14 juillet 1812, est un philogoue et archéologue allemand.Né d'un père tisserand, il se forma lui-même et parvint � acquérir une instruction profonde malgré la misère de ses parents. (fr)
  • Nato in una famiglia di modeste condizioni economiche -il padre era un povero tessitore- poté studiare grazie all'aiuto del padrino di battesimo. Nel 1748 si iscrisse all'Universit� di Lipsia. (it)
  • Christian Gottlob Heyne (* 25. September 1729 in Chemnitz; † 14. Juli 1812 in Göttingen) war ein deutscher Professor und Bibliothekar, der sich mit Altertumswissenschaft, Klassischer Philologie, Sprachforschung und Archäologie befasste. (de)
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  • Christian Gottlob Heyne (en)
  • Christian Gottlob Heyne (fr)
  • Christian Gottlob Heyne (it)
  • Christian Gottlob Heyne (de)
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