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The Cantares Mexicanos is the name given to a manuscript collection of Nahuatl songs or poems recorded in the 16th century. The 91 songs of the Cantares form the largest Nahuatl song collection, containing over half of all known traditional Nahuatl songs. It is currently located in the National Library of Mexico in Mexico City. A description is found in the census of prose manuscripts in the native tradition in the Handbook of Middle American Indians.

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  • The Cantares Mexicanos is the name given to a manuscript collection of Nahuatl songs or poems recorded in the 16th century. The 91 songs of the Cantares form the largest Nahuatl song collection, containing over half of all known traditional Nahuatl songs. It is currently located in the National Library of Mexico in Mexico City. A description is found in the census of prose manuscripts in the native tradition in the Handbook of Middle American Indians. The ninety-one songs are made up of short stanzas averaging about thirty words each, presented in the manuscript as hanging paragraphs (of which there are about 1,700). Many of the songs have eight stanzas; most have more, and the longest has 114. From internal evidence and the contemporary ethnography of Sahagún and other observers, we know that such songs were performed to the accompaniment of the upright skin drum (huehuetl) and the horizontal log drum (teponaztli), each capable of producing two tones spanning an interval such as a fifth or a major third. Gongs, horns, and other instruments could be added; the full program might include costumed dancing, often with mimicry. A Spanish edition and translation of much of the manuscript was given by the great Mexican scholar, Ángel María Garibay Kintana, in the second and third volumes of his Poesía náhuatl (1965, 1968). It was not until Miguel León-Portilla edited a two-volume Spanish translation of the codex, published by the National Autonomous University of Mexico, that entire Cantares was rendered in Spanish. A complete paleographic transcription and English translation of the Cantares was published in 1985 by as Cantares Mexicanos: Songs of the Aztecs, as well as a dictionary and concordance. Although Bierhorst's transcription was appreciated by scholars for its accuracy and faithfulness to the original manuscript, his translations were criticized as misleading and colored by his view that the Cantares are "ghost songs", part of a colonial revitalization movement parallel to the ghost dances of the Plains Indians. David Bowles, in his translations of selected poems from the Cantares and other Mesoamerican codices, agrees with León-Portilla and Garibay that the songs are part of a long aesthetic and philosophical tradition predating the Conquest. (en)
  • Cantares mexicanos es el título de una colección de poemas cantados, originalmente escritos en lengua náhuatl por informantes originarios de México-Tenochtitlan, y recogidos en el siglo XVI por fray Bernardino de Sahagún. Ningún manuscrito presenta el nombre del autor o los autores de los textos, por lo cual se supone, que se trata de poemas líricos extraídos de una antigua tradición oral. Los Cantares se componen de 85 folios (hojas escritas en ambas caras sin enumeración), en que aparecen textos poéticos que tratan de una amplia variedad temática, incluyendo aspectos de la naturaleza, la vida cotidiana, la guerra, la existencia, la muerte, la belleza del canto y de las flores, y la sexualidad. El escritor José María Vigil descubrió dichos materiales alrededor de 1889, como parte del acervo de la Biblioteca Nacional de México; a partir de entonces los Cantares fueron estudiados por los eruditos, de manera fragmentaria. No fue sino hasta mediados del siglo XX, cuando Ángel María Garibay Kintana hizo una traducción de los folios al español, con comentarios analíticos. Posteriormente la UNAM llevó a cabo una revisión exhaustiva de los documentos, enmendando la traducción de Garibay, y elaborando una edición crítica por un grupo de especialistas bajo la dirección de Miguel León-Portilla. Esta última edición, que data de 2011, es la que se considera vigente. Esta edición es bilingüe y se reúne en dos tomos; los textos se encuentran en su idioma original y en español. Cuenta con un prólogo de Guadalupe Curiel, un texto del propio León-Portilla y estudios para una aproximación sobre el ritmo y medida de cómo se supone que se cantaban las personas indígenas. (es)
  • Cantares Mexicanos adalah nama yang diberikan kepada kumpulan manuskrip lagu dan syair Nahuatl yang dicatat pada abad ke-16. 91 lagu dari Cantares membentuk kumpulan lagu Nahuatl terbesar, meliputi lebih dari setengah dari seluruh lagu Nahuatl tradisional yang diketahui. Karya tersebut sekarang disimpan di di Mexico City. (in)
  • Cantares Mexicanos è il nome dato ad una collezione di canzoni e poemi Nahuatl scritti nel XVI secolo. Le 91 canzoni del Cantares formano la più grande collezione di opere Nahuatl, contenendo oltre la metà degli scritti conosciuti. Attualmente si trova presso la a Città del Messico. (it)
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  • Cantares Mexicanos adalah nama yang diberikan kepada kumpulan manuskrip lagu dan syair Nahuatl yang dicatat pada abad ke-16. 91 lagu dari Cantares membentuk kumpulan lagu Nahuatl terbesar, meliputi lebih dari setengah dari seluruh lagu Nahuatl tradisional yang diketahui. Karya tersebut sekarang disimpan di di Mexico City. (in)
  • Cantares Mexicanos è il nome dato ad una collezione di canzoni e poemi Nahuatl scritti nel XVI secolo. Le 91 canzoni del Cantares formano la più grande collezione di opere Nahuatl, contenendo oltre la metà degli scritti conosciuti. Attualmente si trova presso la a Città del Messico. (it)
  • The Cantares Mexicanos is the name given to a manuscript collection of Nahuatl songs or poems recorded in the 16th century. The 91 songs of the Cantares form the largest Nahuatl song collection, containing over half of all known traditional Nahuatl songs. It is currently located in the National Library of Mexico in Mexico City. A description is found in the census of prose manuscripts in the native tradition in the Handbook of Middle American Indians. (en)
  • Cantares mexicanos es el título de una colección de poemas cantados, originalmente escritos en lengua náhuatl por informantes originarios de México-Tenochtitlan, y recogidos en el siglo XVI por fray Bernardino de Sahagún. Ningún manuscrito presenta el nombre del autor o los autores de los textos, por lo cual se supone, que se trata de poemas líricos extraídos de una antigua tradición oral. (es)
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  • Cantares Mexicanos (en)
  • Cantares mexicanos (es)
  • Cantares Mexicanos (in)
  • Cantares Mexicanos (it)
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