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- La Batalla d'Albesa va ésser un combat esdevingut el 20 de febrer de 1003 entre l'exèrcit del comte Ramon Borrell de Barcelona i el seu germà el comte Ermengol I d'Urgell, per una banda, i l'exèrcit musulmà, per l'altra. L'exèrcit cristià havia penetrat en territori musulmà perseguint Abd al-Malik, el fill d'Almansor qui acabava de practicar una aceifa i a qui ara perseguien per recuperar el botí. El resultat de la batalla no fou favorable als cristians i en ella va morir el mateix bisbe d'Elna: Berenguer d'Elna (germà petit del qui un dia seria l'abat-bisbe Oliba). Aquest atac, a més, va provocar una ràtzia l'any 1003 d'Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar que va acabar capturant a Ermengol i destruint els castells de Montmagastre, Meià i Castellolí. (ca)
- The Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 1003 at Al-Qaṣr al-Māša (Albesa), near Balagî (Balaguer), between the united Christian forces of the Catalan counties and the Islamic forces of the Caliphate of Córdoba. It was one of the border skirmishes associated with the interminable razzias of the Reconquista, described as "a simple encounter between local forces" and "a local action without overarching importance", though both these views are called into question by the assemblage of important Catalan nobles at the battle and the Muslim reprisal which followed. , the Bishop of Elna, was killed in the battle. His death is recorded in the . The brief notice in the reads: 1003. Factum est proelium Albesae cum sarracenis ("the battle of Albesa is made with the Saracens"). In the , more detail is given: Anno MIII. Factum est proelium in Albesa cum sarracenis ubi Berengarius Episcopus Elensis perimitur ("Year 1003. battle is made in Albesa with the Saracens, where Berengar, Bishop of Elna, was killed"). The date of 25 February 1003 comes from the only Arabic source to mention the battle, Ibn al-Faraḍī, who records that Sa‘īd bin Mūsā of Elvira "died in the battle of al-Māša near Balagî the Thursday ten days before the end of the month of Rabī’ al-Thānī in the year 393", that is of the Islamic calendar, being 25 February 1003 in the Anno Domini system. Évariste Lévi-Provençal, the French Orientalist, believed it took place on 27 February, since the Islamic day (20 Rabī’) began at sunset, though 27 February 1003 was not a Thursday. Félix Hernández Jiménez dated the battle of Albesa to the summer of 1003 because he connected it with the seizure of the castle of —mentioned only in one Christian source—by Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, the Córdoban hajib. The Bayān al-Mugrib of records how Abd al-Malik was marching through lightly populated country toward Barcelona on first of Shawwal (3 August), and that sometime after this date he camped at al-Baṭḥā (possibly Albesa). Abd al-Malik proceeded to invade Urgell and raze the castles of and . He may also have ravaged the territory of Manresa. At the end of this campaign, when he sent his vassals home, Abd al-Malik had captured 5,570 Christians and six of their castles. He had also destroyed 85 fortified places. In this expedition, according to Ibn Khaldūn (in a part of his chronicle based on Ibn Ḥayyān), Ermengol I of Urgell, who had initially rebelled, surrendered and was taken captive: His capture is connected sometimes with the battle of Albesa, and sometimes not. Ermengol was back in Urgell by 13 March 1004. A new bishop is recorded in Elna, in the records of the diocesan cartulary, on 11 October, a certain . It is doubtful whether a new bishop could have been elected so fast if Berengar had died at the end of summer at a long distance from Elna, taking into account the time necessary for both news to travel and an election to be held and new bishop installed. The earlier date (February) coincides better with the timing of Berengar's death, which occurred at Albesa more certainly than Ermengol's capture. The presence of Berengar at the battle suggest that of his brothers, Bernard I of Besalú and Wifred II of Cerdagne, also. According to the , count died fighting the Moors at Monzón in 1003. This suggests an offensive action far into Muslim territory, making it possible that he died at the battle of Albesa. Geography lends support to his presence, and that of Sunyer of Pallars, at Albesa. Probably all these had gone to aid Ermengol and his brother, Raymond Borrel of Barcelona, in their revolt. The marginality of al-Faraḍī's mention of the battle and the general accuracy of the history of Ibn Khaldūn (his source, Ibn Ḥayyān, was a contemporary), suggest that the battle of Albesa was a separate event from the capture of Ermengol, which took place on Abd al-Malik's punitive expedition against the Catalan counties. Mahmud Ali Makki, the modern editor and interpreter of the Arabic poet , suggests that his poem 122 treats the expedition of Abd al-Malik as a response to certain Catalan penetrations of caliphal territory after the death of Almanzor. This accords well with the date of 25 February and with the dating of Abd al-Malik's campaign to the summer. The battle of Albesa was one of the incursions which prompted the latter. According to Carl Erdmann, the Muslims, after their defeat at Torà, retreated into their own territory, where the Christians followed them. A second battle was fought near Albesa, which was the end of the brief war, and possibly the campaigning season. The result of the battle is uncertain, but unlike the first battle was not favourable to the Christians. Albesa was first considered a Christian victory by Gerónimo Zurita. (en)
- La batalla de Albesa fue un enfrentamiento armado que tuvo lugar en Albesa (provincia de Lérida, España) en el año 1003, entre los ejércitos de los condes Ramón Borrell de Barcelona y Ermengol I de Urgel y el ejército musulmán. La batalla fue consecuencia de la reacción cristiana a la razia de Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, siendo el resultado de la misma desfavorable a los intereses cristianos. (es)
- De Slag bij Albesa was een veldslag die plaatsvond op 20 februari 1003 tussen enerzijds het leger van graaf Raymond Borrell van Barcelona en zijn broer graaf Ermengol I van Urgell, en het moslimleger anderzijds. Het christelijke leger was het moslimgebied binnengedrongen in de achtervolging van Abd al-Malik, de zoon van Almanzor die net een razzia had beoefend en die nu werd vervolgd voor het terugvinden van de buit. Het resultaat van de strijd was niet gunstig voor de christenen en daarin stierf dezelfde bisschop van Elna: Berenguer d'Elna. Deze aanval veroorzaakte ook een inval in 1003 door Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, die uiteindelijk Ermengol veroverde en de kastelen van Montmagastre, Meià en Castellolí verwoestte. (nl)
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- La batalla de Albesa fue un enfrentamiento armado que tuvo lugar en Albesa (provincia de Lérida, España) en el año 1003, entre los ejércitos de los condes Ramón Borrell de Barcelona y Ermengol I de Urgel y el ejército musulmán. La batalla fue consecuencia de la reacción cristiana a la razia de Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, siendo el resultado de la misma desfavorable a los intereses cristianos. (es)
- La Batalla d'Albesa va ésser un combat esdevingut el 20 de febrer de 1003 entre l'exèrcit del comte Ramon Borrell de Barcelona i el seu germà el comte Ermengol I d'Urgell, per una banda, i l'exèrcit musulmà, per l'altra. L'exèrcit cristià havia penetrat en territori musulmà perseguint Abd al-Malik, el fill d'Almansor qui acabava de practicar una aceifa i a qui ara perseguien per recuperar el botí. (ca)
- The Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 1003 at Al-Qaṣr al-Māša (Albesa), near Balagî (Balaguer), between the united Christian forces of the Catalan counties and the Islamic forces of the Caliphate of Córdoba. It was one of the border skirmishes associated with the interminable razzias of the Reconquista, described as "a simple encounter between local forces" and "a local action without overarching importance", though both these views are called into question by the assemblage of important Catalan nobles at the battle and the Muslim reprisal which followed. (en)
- De Slag bij Albesa was een veldslag die plaatsvond op 20 februari 1003 tussen enerzijds het leger van graaf Raymond Borrell van Barcelona en zijn broer graaf Ermengol I van Urgell, en het moslimleger anderzijds. Het christelijke leger was het moslimgebied binnengedrongen in de achtervolging van Abd al-Malik, de zoon van Almanzor die net een razzia had beoefend en die nu werd vervolgd voor het terugvinden van de buit. (nl)
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