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The Attack at Fromelles (French pronunciation: ​[fʁɔmɛl], Battle of Fromelles, Battle of Fleurbaix or Schlacht von Fromelles) 19–20 July 1916, was a military operation on the Western Front during the First World War. The attack was carried out by British and Australian troops and was subsidiary to the Battle of the Somme. General Headquarters (GHQ) of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) had ordered the First Army (General Charles Munro) and Second Army (General Herbert Plumer) to prepare attacks to support the Fourth Army on the Somme, 50 mi (80 km) to the south, to exploit any weakening of the German defences opposite. The attack took place 9.9 mi (16 km) from Lille, between the Fauquissart–Trivelet road and Cordonnerie Farm, an area overlooked from Aubers Ridge to the south. The ground

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dbo:abstract
  • The Attack at Fromelles (French pronunciation: ​[fʁɔmɛl], Battle of Fromelles, Battle of Fleurbaix or Schlacht von Fromelles) 19–20 July 1916, was a military operation on the Western Front during the First World War. The attack was carried out by British and Australian troops and was subsidiary to the Battle of the Somme. General Headquarters (GHQ) of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) had ordered the First Army (General Charles Munro) and Second Army (General Herbert Plumer) to prepare attacks to support the Fourth Army on the Somme, 50 mi (80 km) to the south, to exploit any weakening of the German defences opposite. The attack took place 9.9 mi (16 km) from Lille, between the Fauquissart–Trivelet road and Cordonnerie Farm, an area overlooked from Aubers Ridge to the south. The ground was low-lying and much of the defensive fortification by both sides consisted of building breastworks, rather than trenches. The operation was conducted by XI Corps (Lieutenant-General Richard Haking) of the First Army with the 61st (2nd South Midland) Division and the 5th Australian Division, Australian Imperial Force (AIF) against the 6th Bavarian Reserve Division, supported by the two flanking divisions of the German 6th Army. Preparations for the attack were rushed, the troops involved lacked experience in trench warfare and the power of the German defence was significantly underestimated, the attackers being outnumbered 2:1. The advance took place in daylight, on a narrow front, against defences overlooked by Aubers Ridge, with German artillery on either side free to fire into the flanks of the attack. Another attack by the 61st (2nd South Midland) Division early on 20 July was cancelled, after it was realised that German counter-attacks had already forced a retirement by the Australian troops to the original front line. On 19 July, General Erich von Falkenhayn, head of Oberste Heeresleitung (OHL, the German army supreme headquarters) judged Fromelles to be the offensive he expected against the 6th Army. The attack gained no ground but inflicted some casualties; next day the failure was evident and a captured operation order from XI Corps revealed the limited nature of the operation. In 2012, a study of German records showed that no German division opposite XI Corps moved until four to nine weeks later; Falkenhayn sent divisions from the Souchez–Vimy area, 20 mi (32 km) south instead, which had been misinterpreted in earlier accounts. The attack was the début of the AIF on the Western Front and the Australian War Memorial described it as "the worst 24 hours in Australia's entire history". Of 7,080 BEF casualties, 5,533 were suffered by the 5th Australian Division; the Germans suffered 1,600–2,000 casualties and lost 150 prisoners. (en)
  • Die Schlacht von Fromelles fand im Sommer 1916 an der Westfront des Ersten Weltkrieges statt und endete mit einer Niederlage der First Australian Imperial Force gegen die deutschen Truppen. (de)
  • Fromelleseko gudua 1916an gertaturiko gudua izan zen, Lehen Mundu Gerrako Mendebaldeko Frontean gertaturikoa. Sommeko guduaren ofentsiba ahultzeko pentsatu zuten britainiarrek baina azkenean atzera egin zuten. (eu)
  • La batalla de Fromelles (o de Fleurbaix) fue una fallida ofensiva anglo-australiana en el marco de la batalla del Somme que tuvo lugar entre los días 19 y 20 de julio de 1916 en el Frente Occidental de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Fromelles fue el debut de las tropas australianas en Francia y también su peor resultado en todo el transcurso de la Gran Guerra. La acción tuvo lugar justo al norte de la villa de Fromelles, situada a unos 16 km de Lille y ocupada por tropas alemanas. El ataque se planificó como una maniobra de distracción que atrajera la atención de los alemanes y relajara así la situación en el valle del Somme para los aliados, e incluía la toma de un saliente de terreno en el que los germanos se habían atrincherado. (es)
  • La bataille de Fromelles est une bataille de la Première Guerre mondiale qui a lieu du 19 au 20 juillet 1916 près de Fleurbaix et Fromelles en France, opposant les armées australienne et britannique à l'armée allemande. Elle est partiellement destinée à provoquer une diversion de la bataille de la Somme qui se déroule quatre-vingts kilomètres plus au sud. Elle se solde par une victoire allemande. (fr)
  • Pertempuran Fromelles, dikenal sebagai Pertempuran Fleurbaix pada tanggal 19 - 20 Juli 1916 di Prancis selama Perang Dunia I. Pertempuran Fromelles sebagai pengalihan Pertempuran Somme yang berlangsung sekitar 80 kilometer (50 mil) ke selatan dan operasi untuk merebut kembali desa Fromelles yang diduduki Jerman, 16 kilometer (9,9 mil) kota Lille Fromelles adalah operasi gabungan antara pasukan Inggris dan Pasukan Kerajaan Australia (AIF). Kesempatan pertama AIF beraksi di blok Barat. Setelah satu hari pertempuran, 1.500 Inggris dan 5.533 tentara Australia tewas, terluka atau ditangkap dan dipenjara. Tugu Pahlawan perang Australia menggambarkan pertempuran sebagai "yang terburuk selama 24 jam dalam sejarah Australia." Ini adalah kemenangan untuk Jerman, dan kerugian Sekutu (Australia dan Inggris) bertahan tanpa memperoleh apapun. (in)
  • La battaglia di Fromelles fu combattuta tra il 19 e il 20 luglio 1916 nell'ambito dei più ampi eventi della battaglia della Somme della prima guerra mondiale, e vide affrontarsi le forze britanniche, sostenute da quelle australiane, da un lato e le truppe tedesche dall'altro. In totale nella battaglia furono coinvolti 30.000 soldati anglo-australiani e 10.000/15.000 soldati tedeschi; le perdite furono rispettivamente di 7.000 soldati per gli anglo-australiani e 1.600/2.000 soldati per i tedeschi. Il britannico del generale attaccarono le posizioni tedesche nella zona di Fromelles, ma fu respinto dopo aver subito pesante perdite. (it)
  • A Batalha de Fromelles (pronúncia em francês: ​[fʁɔmɛl]; 19–20 de Julho de 1916), consistiu numa operação militar britânica na Frente Ocidental durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial, incluída na maior Batalha do Somme. O quartel-general da (BEF) deu ordens ao e Exércitos para prepararem ataques de apoio ao em Somme a 80 quilómetros a sul, para explorar qualquer fraqueza nas defesas alemães ali instaladas. O ataque teve lugar a 16 quilómetros de Lille, entre a estrada Fauquissart–Trivelet e a Quinta Cordonnerie, uma zona sem ninguém desde o cume Aubers até mais a sul. O terreno era de baixa altitude e muitas das fortificações defensivas de ambos os lados consistiam de amontoados de terra, em vez de trincheiras. A operação foi levada a cabo pelo , do Primeiro Exército, juntamente com a , e Força Imperial Australiana (AIF), contra a ,apoiada por duas divisões de flanco do . Os preparativos para o ataque foram apressados, as tropas envolvidas não tinham experiência em guerra de trincheiras e a força da defesa alemã foi bastante subestimada - um soldado britânico pra dois alemães. O avanço foi realizado de dia contra as defesas no cume Aubers, numa frente estreita que deixou a artilharia alemã de cada lado livre para abrir fogo aos flancos dos atacantes. O ataque previsto pela 61.ª Divisão na manhã de 20 de Julho foi cancelado, pois os britânicos aperceberam-se de que o contra-ataque alemão tinha forçado a retirada das tropas australianas para a linha da frente original. No dia 19 de Julho, o general von Falkenhayn, o chefe do Estado-Maior, avaliou o ataque britânico como sendo uma longa e planeada ofensiva contra o 6.º Exército. No dia seguinte, quando ficou a ser conhecido o efeito do ataque, e quando foi apreendida uma ordem operacional do XI Corpo que descrevia a intenção limitada da operação, Falkenhayn deu ordem ao para retirar e juntar-se à frente do Somme. A Batalha de Fromelles infligiu algumas baixas do lado alemão, mas não foi conquistado nenhum terreno nem movimentou muitas tropas para o Somme. O ataque marcou a primeira acção da AIF na Frente Ocidental, e o Memorial de Guerra Australiano descreve a batalha como "as piores 24 horas em toda a história da Austrália". Das 7 080 baixas do BEF, 5 533 eram da da 5.ª Divisão Australiana; os alemães perderam entre 1 600 a 2 000 homens, e foram feitos 150 prisioneiros (pt)
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  • 1,600–2,000
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  • *
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  • The front line near Fromelles had changed little since theBattle of Neuve Chapelle(10–13 March 1915).
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  • German victory
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  • 10,000–15,000
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  • Ellis (en)
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  • * * (en)
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  • Gustav Scanzoni von Lichtenfels (en)
  • Richard Haking (en)
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  • Attack at Fromelles (en)
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  • The front line near Fromelles had changed little since the Battle of Neuve Chapelle . (en)
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  • Fromelles, Nord, France (en)
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  • Die Schlacht von Fromelles fand im Sommer 1916 an der Westfront des Ersten Weltkrieges statt und endete mit einer Niederlage der First Australian Imperial Force gegen die deutschen Truppen. (de)
  • Fromelleseko gudua 1916an gertaturiko gudua izan zen, Lehen Mundu Gerrako Mendebaldeko Frontean gertaturikoa. Sommeko guduaren ofentsiba ahultzeko pentsatu zuten britainiarrek baina azkenean atzera egin zuten. (eu)
  • La bataille de Fromelles est une bataille de la Première Guerre mondiale qui a lieu du 19 au 20 juillet 1916 près de Fleurbaix et Fromelles en France, opposant les armées australienne et britannique à l'armée allemande. Elle est partiellement destinée à provoquer une diversion de la bataille de la Somme qui se déroule quatre-vingts kilomètres plus au sud. Elle se solde par une victoire allemande. (fr)
  • The Attack at Fromelles (French pronunciation: ​[fʁɔmɛl], Battle of Fromelles, Battle of Fleurbaix or Schlacht von Fromelles) 19–20 July 1916, was a military operation on the Western Front during the First World War. The attack was carried out by British and Australian troops and was subsidiary to the Battle of the Somme. General Headquarters (GHQ) of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) had ordered the First Army (General Charles Munro) and Second Army (General Herbert Plumer) to prepare attacks to support the Fourth Army on the Somme, 50 mi (80 km) to the south, to exploit any weakening of the German defences opposite. The attack took place 9.9 mi (16 km) from Lille, between the Fauquissart–Trivelet road and Cordonnerie Farm, an area overlooked from Aubers Ridge to the south. The ground (en)
  • La batalla de Fromelles (o de Fleurbaix) fue una fallida ofensiva anglo-australiana en el marco de la batalla del Somme que tuvo lugar entre los días 19 y 20 de julio de 1916 en el Frente Occidental de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Fromelles fue el debut de las tropas australianas en Francia y también su peor resultado en todo el transcurso de la Gran Guerra. (es)
  • Pertempuran Fromelles, dikenal sebagai Pertempuran Fleurbaix pada tanggal 19 - 20 Juli 1916 di Prancis selama Perang Dunia I. Pertempuran Fromelles sebagai pengalihan Pertempuran Somme yang berlangsung sekitar 80 kilometer (50 mil) ke selatan dan operasi untuk merebut kembali desa Fromelles yang diduduki Jerman, 16 kilometer (9,9 mil) kota Lille Fromelles adalah operasi gabungan antara pasukan Inggris dan Pasukan Kerajaan Australia (AIF). Kesempatan pertama AIF beraksi di blok Barat. (in)
  • La battaglia di Fromelles fu combattuta tra il 19 e il 20 luglio 1916 nell'ambito dei più ampi eventi della battaglia della Somme della prima guerra mondiale, e vide affrontarsi le forze britanniche, sostenute da quelle australiane, da un lato e le truppe tedesche dall'altro. In totale nella battaglia furono coinvolti 30.000 soldati anglo-australiani e 10.000/15.000 soldati tedeschi; le perdite furono rispettivamente di 7.000 soldati per gli anglo-australiani e 1.600/2.000 soldati per i tedeschi. (it)
  • A Batalha de Fromelles (pronúncia em francês: ​[fʁɔmɛl]; 19–20 de Julho de 1916), consistiu numa operação militar britânica na Frente Ocidental durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial, incluída na maior Batalha do Somme. O quartel-general da (BEF) deu ordens ao e Exércitos para prepararem ataques de apoio ao em Somme a 80 quilómetros a sul, para explorar qualquer fraqueza nas defesas alemães ali instaladas. O ataque teve lugar a 16 quilómetros de Lille, entre a estrada Fauquissart–Trivelet e a Quinta Cordonnerie, uma zona sem ninguém desde o cume Aubers até mais a sul. O terreno era de baixa altitude e muitas das fortificações defensivas de ambos os lados consistiam de amontoados de terra, em vez de trincheiras. (pt)
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  • Attack at Fromelles (en)
  • Schlacht von Fromelles (de)
  • Batalla de Fromelles (es)
  • Fromelleseko gudua (eu)
  • Pertempuran Fromelles (in)
  • Bataille de Fromelles (fr)
  • Battaglia di Fromelles (it)
  • Batalha de Fromelles (pt)
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