The Tenshō earthquake (Japanese: 天正地震, Hepburn: Tenshō Jishin) was a regional Japanese earthquake that occurred on January 18, 1586 at 23:00 local time. This earthquake had an estimated MJMA of 7.9, and an epicenter in Honshu's Chūbu region. It caused the deaths of an estimated 8,000 people and damaged 10,000 houses across the prefectures of Toyama, Hyōgo, Kyōto, Osaka, Nara, Mie, Aichi, Gifu, Fukui, Ishikawa and Shizuoka. Historical documentation of this earthquake is limited because it occurred during the Sengoku period.