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- Die Commerce-de-Marseille-Klasse (auch als Océan-Klasse bezeichnet) war eine Klasse von 118-Kanonen-Linienschiffen 1. Ranges der französischen Marine. Die Entwürfe gehen im Wesentlichen auf den Ingenieur Jacques-Noël Sané zurück. Ab 1788 wurden fünfzehn Einheiten fertiggestellt, von denen die letzte 1854 in Dienst gestellt wurde. Eine Sechzehnte wurde nie vollendet und vier weitere wurden nie zu Wasser gelassen. Commerce de Marseille ist das erste Schiff der Baureihe, das auf See fuhr. Die États de Bourgogne wurde allerdings wesentlich früher bestellt. In der englischsprachigen Literatur und teilweise auch in der französischsprachigen ist deshalb die États de Bourgogne (später umbenannt in Océan) das Typschiff. (de)
- La classe Commerce-de-Marseille (ou classe Océan) est une série de seize vaisseaux de 118 canons, lancés par la France entre 1788 et 1854.La première unité de la série est le Commerce-de-Marseille, lancé en 1788, d'où le nom de cette série. Elle est toutefois souvent appelée classe Océan d'après l’Océan, deuxième navire construit sur ce modèle, qui a fait une carrière longue de 65 ans contrairement au Commerce de Marseille. Il s'agit de vaisseaux à trois ponts, nettement plus grands que tous les autres vaisseaux des marines de guerre de la fin du XVIIIe siècle. Puissants et solides lors des combats, ils sont aussi manœuvrants que les deux-ponts français de 74 canons et 80 canons de la même époque, quoiqu'un peu plus lents. Ils sont aussi plus coûteux et exigeants à construire, et demandent un équipage nettement plus nombreux, ce qui explique que seize seulement seront mis en chantier avant la chute de l'Empire. (fr)
- The Océan-class ships of the line were a series of 118-gun three-decker ships of the line of the French Navy, designed by engineer Jacques-Noël Sané. Fifteen were completed from 1788 on, with the last one entering service in 1854; a sixteenth was never completed, and four more were never laid down. The first two of the series were Commerce de Marseille and États de Bourgogne in the late 1780s. Three ships to the same design followed during the 1790s (a further four ordered in 1793–94 were never built). A second group of eleven were ordered during the First Empire; sometimes described as the Austerlitz class after the first to be ordered, some of the later ships were not launched until after the end of the Napoleonic era, and one was not completed but broken up on the stocks. A 'reduced' (i.e. shortened) version of this design, called the Commerce de Paris class, with only 110 guns, was produced later, of which two examples were completed. The 5,095-ton 118-gun type was the largest type of ship built up to then, besting the Spanish ship Santísima Trinidad. Up to 1790 Great Britain, the largest of the battle fleet nations, had not built especially large battleships because the need for large numbers of ships had influenced its battleship policy. The French initiated a new phase in battleship competition when they laid down a large number of three-deckers of over 5,000 tons. Along with the 74-gun of the Téméraire type and the 80-gun of the Tonnant type, the Océan 120-gun type was to become one of the three French standard types of battleships during the war period 1793 to 1815. These were the most powerful ships of the Napoleonic Wars and a total of ten served during that time. These ships, however, were quite expensive in terms of building materials, artillery and manpower and so were reserved for admirals as their fleet flagships. Some of the ships spent 40 years on the stocks and were still in service in 1860, three of them having been equipped with auxiliary steam engines in the 1850s. (en)
- La classe Commerce de Marseille, nota anche come classe Océan, fu una serie di vascelli da 118 cannoni progettata da Jacques Noël Sané e costruita durante la Rivoluzione francese. Il vascello capoclasse fu catturato dagli inglesi durante l'assedio di Tolone del 1793 e rimase in servizio per pochi anni, venendo destinato ai servizi in porto nel 1800 proprio a causa della sua debolezza strutturale. La classe è a volte conosciuta col nome della seconda nave, l'Océan, proprio per la prematura cattura della sua capoclasse. Gli inglesi, dopo la cattura definiranno il vascello Le navi di questa classe, a tre ponti, erano molto più costose dei vascelli a due ponti da 74 o 80 cannoni e venivano usate come ammiraglie di squadra. (it)
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- Die Commerce-de-Marseille-Klasse (auch als Océan-Klasse bezeichnet) war eine Klasse von 118-Kanonen-Linienschiffen 1. Ranges der französischen Marine. Die Entwürfe gehen im Wesentlichen auf den Ingenieur Jacques-Noël Sané zurück. Ab 1788 wurden fünfzehn Einheiten fertiggestellt, von denen die letzte 1854 in Dienst gestellt wurde. Eine Sechzehnte wurde nie vollendet und vier weitere wurden nie zu Wasser gelassen. Commerce de Marseille ist das erste Schiff der Baureihe, das auf See fuhr. Die États de Bourgogne wurde allerdings wesentlich früher bestellt. In der englischsprachigen Literatur und teilweise auch in der französischsprachigen ist deshalb die États de Bourgogne (später umbenannt in Océan) das Typschiff. (de)
- La classe Commerce-de-Marseille (ou classe Océan) est une série de seize vaisseaux de 118 canons, lancés par la France entre 1788 et 1854.La première unité de la série est le Commerce-de-Marseille, lancé en 1788, d'où le nom de cette série. Elle est toutefois souvent appelée classe Océan d'après l’Océan, deuxième navire construit sur ce modèle, qui a fait une carrière longue de 65 ans contrairement au Commerce de Marseille. (fr)
- The Océan-class ships of the line were a series of 118-gun three-decker ships of the line of the French Navy, designed by engineer Jacques-Noël Sané. Fifteen were completed from 1788 on, with the last one entering service in 1854; a sixteenth was never completed, and four more were never laid down. Along with the 74-gun of the Téméraire type and the 80-gun of the Tonnant type, the Océan 120-gun type was to become one of the three French standard types of battleships during the war period 1793 to 1815. (en)
- La classe Commerce de Marseille, nota anche come classe Océan, fu una serie di vascelli da 118 cannoni progettata da Jacques Noël Sané e costruita durante la Rivoluzione francese. Il vascello capoclasse fu catturato dagli inglesi durante l'assedio di Tolone del 1793 e rimase in servizio per pochi anni, venendo destinato ai servizi in porto nel 1800 proprio a causa della sua debolezza strutturale. La classe è a volte conosciuta col nome della seconda nave, l'Océan, proprio per la prematura cattura della sua capoclasse. Gli inglesi, dopo la cattura definiranno il vascello (it)
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