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- 0001-07-15 (xsd:gMonthDay)
- Pinch, Trevor, and Frank Trocco. 2004. Analog Days. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. (en)
- Chowning, John M. 1973. "The Synthesis of Complex Audio Spectra by Means of Frequency Modulation". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 7, no. 21:526–34. (en)
- Tyranny, "Blue" Gene. n.d. "Review: John Chowning: Phone [sic] (1980–1981) / Turenas (1972) / Stria (1977)/ Sabelithe (1971)". Allmusic website . (en)
- Chowning, John M. "Method and apparatus for simulating location and movement of sound" https://patents.google.com/patent/US3665105A/en?inventor=john+M.+chowning&oq=john+M.+chowning . (en)
- Schottstaedt, Bill. n.d. "An Introduction To FM – Bill Schottstaedt: "John Chowning tells me that he stumbled on FM when he sped up vibrato to the point that it was creating audible sidebands (perceived as a timbral change) rather than faster warbling (perceived as a frequency change)." (en)
- Mattis, Olivia. 2001. "Chowning, John M". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers. (en)
- Nelson, Andrew J. 2015. The Sound of Innovation: Stanford and the Computer Music Revolution. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (en)
- Johnstone, Robert. 1994. "The Sound of One Chip Clapping: Yamaha and FM Synthesis". (en)
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