About: Cluster II (spacecraft)

Property	Value
dbo:SpaceMission/missionDuration	1826.25 (dbd:day)
dbo:cosparId	FM5 (RUMBA): 2000-045A FM6 (SALSA): 2000-041B FM7 (SAMBA): 2000-041A FM8 (TANGO): 2000-045B
dbo:description	constellation of four European Space Agency spacecraft (en)
dbo:landingDate	2024-09-08 (xsd:date)
dbo:launchDate	2000-07-16 (xsd:date) 2000-08-09 (xsd:date)
dbo:launchVehicle	dbr:Fregat dbr:Soyuz-U
dbo:manufacturer	dbr:Airbus
dbo:missionDuration	157788000.000000 (xsd:double)
dbo:nextMission	dbr:INTEGRAL
dbo:operator	dbr:European_Space_Agency
dbo:previousMission	dbr:XMM-Newton
dbo:satcat	FM5 (RUMBA): 26463 FM6 (SALSA): 26411 FM7 (SAMBA): 26410 FM8 (TANGO): 26464
dbo:thumbnail	wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Cluster_ESA15192620.jpeg?width=300
dbo:type	dbr:Magnetosphere
dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	http://sci.esa.int/cluster http://caa.esac.esa.int/caa/home.xml http://clusterlaunch.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=31381 http://csa.esac.esa.int/ http://news.erau.edu/headlines/embry-riddle-research-on-space-plasma-hurricanes-could-lead-to-new-sources-of-energy/ http://now.uiowa.edu/2012/10/excellence-awards-2012%23 http://www.esf.org/newsroom/news-and-press-releases/article/essc-member-prof-hermann-j-opgenoorth-awarded-the-baron-marcel-nicolet-space-weather-medal-2018/%23 http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/2012/02/surprise-ions%23 https://csa.esac.esa.int/ https://earth-planets-space.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40623-017-0707-2%23 https://www.ann-geophys.net/33/1285/2015/angeo-33-1285-2015.pdf%23 https://www.irf.se/en/news/2020/05/08/young-irf-scientist-awarded-a-zeldovich-medal/ https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/podcasts/esa-cluster-mission/ http://www.ucl.ac.uk/mssl/space-plasma-physics/missions/cluster-peace/ https://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/hannes-alfven/2013/goran-marklund/ https://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/hannes-alfven/2016/stephen-a-fuselier/%23 https://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/julius-bartels/2014/rumi-nakamura/%23 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1468-4004.2008.49135_5.x/%23 http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9022%23 http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aac496/pdf%23 http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8205/825/2/L27%23 http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9bf3%23 https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/FutureEO/Swarm/Swarm_and_Cluster_get_to_the_bottom_of_geomagnetic_storms https://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Cluster/Laurels_for_Cluster-Double_Star_teams/%23 https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Cluster/Cluster_s_20_years_of_studying_Earth_s_magnetosphere https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Magnetic_vortices_explain_mysterious_auroral_beads http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Operations/Cluster_satellite_catches_up/%23 http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Operations/ESA_s_Cluster_satellites_in_closest-ever_dance_in_space/%23 http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Operations/Rejigging_the_Cluster_quartet/%23 http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Cluster/Origin_of_high-latitude_auroras_revealed/%23 http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/From_solar_activity_to_stunning_aurora%23 http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/The_solar_wind_is_swirly%23 http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Operations/SEMYSMQJNVE_0.html http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Earth_s_magnetic_song_recorded_for_the_first_time_during_a_solar_storm http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEM18O808BE_index_0.html%23 http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMHR50PFBG_index_0.html%23 http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMLA6Y1LJG_index_0.html%23 http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMTI34TBPG_index_0.html%23 http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMXWW7YBZG_index_0.html%23 https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2003/03dec_magneticcracks%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/48262-publications-and-phds/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/49637-cluster-reveals-earth-s-bow-shock-is-remarkably-thin%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/51741-cluster-hears-the-heartbeat-of-magnetic-reconnection/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/51988-cluster-discovers-steady-leak-in-earth-plasmasphere/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/52077-wobbly-magnetic-reconnection-speeds-up-electrons/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/52802-cluster-shows-plasmasphere-interacting-with-van-allen-belts/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/53256-cluster-takes-a-tilt-at-radio-wave-sources/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/54022-cluster-helps-to-model-earths-mysterious-magnetosphere/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/54573-a-mixed-up-magnetic-storm/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/55764-heart-of-the-black-auroras-revealed-by-cluster/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/56098-seven-esa-satellites-team-up-to-explore-earths-magnetic-field/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/56143-cluster-solves-the-mystery-of-equatorial-noise/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/58028-the-curious-case-of-earth-s-leaking-atmosphere/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/58994-o-marks-the-spot-for-magnetic-reconnection/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/59947-cluster-measures-turbulence-in-earth-s-magnetic-environment/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/59954-understanding-earth-what-the-cluster-mission-has-taught-us-so-far/%23 http://sci.esa.int/cluster/60912-windy-with-a-chance-of-magnetic-storms-space-weather-science-with-cluster/ http://sci.esa.int/cluster/61162-cluster-reveals-inner-workings-of-earth-s-cosmic-particle-accelerator/ http://sci.esa.int/cluster/61172-cluster-helps-solve-mysteries-of-geomagnetic-storms/ http://sci.esa.int/director-desk/54999-working-life-extensions-for-esas-science-missions/%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/area/index.cfm%3Ffareaid=8 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=26053%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=28549%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=29100%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=32256%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=35478%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=35500%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=35501%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=35672%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=35847%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=36142%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=36209%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=36447%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=36556%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=36938%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=37592%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=37680%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=37944%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38326%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38331%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38332%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38333%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38334%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38338%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38475%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38574%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38705%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38841%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=38993%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=39246%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=39706%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=39865%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40032%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40330%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40420%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40465%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40651%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40761%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40852%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40878%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=40994%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=41120%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=41145%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=41208%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=41288%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=41454%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=41543%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=41817%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=41911%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=42208%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=42432%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=42863%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=43018%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=43238%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=43299%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=43567%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=43851%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=43932%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=44012%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=44174%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=44480%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=44687%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=45044%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=45273%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=45685%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=46333%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=46685%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=46875%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=47112%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=47324%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=47543%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=47669%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=48007%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=48190%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=48847%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=49107%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=50424%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=50633%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=50977%23 http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm%3Ffobjectid=51651%23 https://sci.esa.int/web/cluster/-/auroral-substorms-triggered-by-short-circuiting-of-plasma-flows https://sci.esa.int/web/cluster/-/iron-is-everywhere-in-earth-s-vicinity-suggest-two-decades-of-cluster-data https://sci.esa.int/web/smile/-/61516-cluster-and-xmm-newton-pave-the-way-for-smile http://royalsociety.org/summer-science/2011/%23 http://royalsociety.org/summer-science/2011/aurora-explorer/ https://cosparhq.cnes.fr/awards/zeldovich/%23 https://eos.org/research-spotlights/explaining-unexpected-twists-in-the-suns-magnetic-field%23 http://www.stfc.ac.uk/news/uk-space-weather-expert-wins-prestigious-international-award/%23 http://caa.esac.esa.int/caa/ https://www.ann-geophys.net/32/705/2014/angeo-32-705-2014.pdf%23 https://www.ann-geophys.net/36/1073/2018/angeo-36-1073-2018.pdf%23 https://www.ann-geophys.net/36/527/2018/angeo-36-527-2018.pdf%23 https://web.archive.org/web/20130209060652/http:/www.ras.org.uk/awards-and-grants/awards/2210-winners-of-the-2013-awards-medals-and-prizes%23chapman%23 https://web.archive.org/web/20130209060652/http:/www.ras.org.uk/awards-and-grants/awards/2210-winners-of-the-2013-awards-medals-and-prizes%23service%23 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https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029399 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029506 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029518 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029773 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029928 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA030057 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA030208 https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099408 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/793/1/L11%23 https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2020.593516 https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2022.895514 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac1b30 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab3041 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab385d https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abaaa9 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abef00 https://ras.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2019-01/awards/Gold%20Medal%20-%20Margaret%20Kivelson.pdf%23 https://ras.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2019-01/awards/Group%20Achievement%20Award%20-%20Cluster.pdf%23 https://ras.ac.uk/sites/default/files/chapman_medallists.pdf%23 http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms13001%23 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dbp:apsis	gee (en)
dbp:cosparId	FM5 : 2000-045A (en) FM6 : 2000-041B (en) FM7 : 2000-041A (en) FM8 : 2000-045B (en)
dbp:date	2012-07-10 (xsd:date) 2012-10-24 (xsd:date) 2016-03-07 (xsd:date) 2021-12-25 (xsd:date) 2021-12-29 (xsd:date)
dbp:decayDate	0001-09-08 (xsd:gMonthDay)
dbp:imageAlt	The Cluster II constellation. (en)
dbp:imageCaption	Artist's impression of the Cluster constellation. (en)
dbp:insignia	File:Cluster II insignia.png (en)
dbp:insigniaAlt	Cluster II mission insignia (en)
dbp:insigniaCaption	ESA solar system insignia for Cluster II (en)
dbp:insigniaSize	180 (xsd:integer)
dbp:lastContact	2024-08-22 (xsd:date)
dbp:launchContractor	dbr:Starsem
dbp:launchDate	0001-07-16 (xsd:gMonthDay) 0001-08-09 (xsd:gMonthDay)
dbp:launchRocket	dbr:Fregat dbr:Soyuz-U
dbp:launchSite	dbr:Baikonur_Cosmodrome_Site_31 dbr:Baikonur_Cosmodrome
dbp:manufacturer	dbr:Airbus
dbp:missionDuration	0001-07-16 (xsd:gMonthDay) 1.57788E8 (dbd:second)
dbp:missionType	dbr:Magnetosphere
dbp:name	Cluster II (en)
dbp:nextMission	dbr:INTEGRAL
dbp:operator	ESA with NASA collaboration (en)
dbp:orbitApoapsis	FM5: (en) FM6: (en) FM7: (en) FM8: (en)
dbp:orbitEpoch	0001-03-13 (xsd:gMonthDay)
dbp:orbitInclination	FM5: 138 degrees (en) FM6: 135 degrees (en) FM7: 135 degrees (en) FM8: 134 degrees (en)
dbp:orbitPeriapsis	FM5: (en) FM6: (en) FM7: (en) FM8: (en)
dbp:orbitPeriod	195420.0 (dbd:second) 195480.0 (dbd:second) 195540.0 (dbd:second)
dbp:orbitReference	dbr:Geocentric_orbit
dbp:orbitRegime	dbr:Elliptic_orbit
dbp:power	224 (xsd:integer)
dbp:previousMission	dbr:XMM-Newton
dbp:programme	Horizon 2000 (en)
dbp:satcat	FM5 : 26463 (en) FM6 : 26411 (en) FM7 : 26410 (en) FM8 : 26464 (en)
dbp:url	https://web.archive.org/web/20120710201550/http:/www.sciencenewsforkids.org/2012/02/surprise-ions/ https://web.archive.org/web/20121024053457/http:/www.agu.org/news/press/pr_archives/2012/2012-02.shtml https://web.archive.org/web/20160307102606/http:/www.ucl.ac.uk/mssl/space-plasma-physics/missions/cluster-peace/ https://web.archive.org/web/20211225221201/http:/www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/sunearthsystem/main/cluster-turbulence.html https://web.archive.org/web/20211229152647/https:/science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2003/03dec_magneticcracks
dbp:website	http://sci.esa.int/cluster
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dct:subject	dbc:Geospace_monitoring_satellites dbc:2000_in_spaceflight dbc:European_Space_Agency_space_probes dbc:Geomagnetic_satellites
gold:hypernym	dbr:Mission
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rdfs:label	Cluster II (spacecraft) (en) Cluster II (ca)
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