David Alekseevich Zolotarev (August 29, 1885 – September 10, 1935) was a Russian anthropologist and ethnographer who studied the tribal populations of the Yaroslavl region of northern Russia. In his capacity as professor of anthropology at the University of Leningrad and as a representative of the Russian Geographical Society’s Ethnographic Division, Zolotarev led numerous anthropological expeditions, and would later report the findings in published research papers and at scientific conferences. Following the Russian Revolution, the Soviet government called on Zolotarev and other anthropologists to determine how the isolated ethnic populations of the northern Russian regions were able to adapt to the new Communist society.