Onigawara (鬼瓦, lit. ogre tile) are a type of roof ornamentation found in Japanese architecture. They are generally roof tiles or statues depicting a Japanese ogre (oni) or a fearsome beast. Prior to the Heian period, similar ornaments with floral and plant designs preceded the onigawara. The present design is thought to have come from a previous architectural element, the , which is a board painted with the face of an oni and was meant to stop roof leaks. During the Nara period the tile was decorated with other motifs, but later it acquired distinct ogre-like features and became strongly tridimensional. Onigawara are most often found on Buddhist temples. The tile's name notwithstanding, the ogre's face may be missing.
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| - Onigawara (de)
- Onigawara (fr)
- 鬼瓦 (ja)
- Onigawara (en)
- Onigawara (pt)
- 獸面瓦 (zh)
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| - Onigawara (jap. 鬼瓦, „teufelsgesichtiger Dachziegel“) ist ein dekoratives Element in der japanischen Architektur, das zudem als Talisman dient. Mythologisch betrachtet haben Onigawara in der japanischen Architektur ähnliche unheilabwehrende Funktion wie Wasserspeier in der Architektur des Westens.Es handelt sich um einen Dachziegel, der in der Heian- und Nara-Zeit mit Blumen- und Tiermotiven, ab der Kamakura-Zeit jedoch zumeist als Fratze eines Kobolds (Oni) gestaltet ist. Der „Onigawara-Ziegel“ ist in der Regel am Ende des Dachfirsts angebracht. Bisweilen werden Onigawara auch aus Holz oder Stein gearbeitet. Sie besitzen häufig voluten- oder wellenförmige Ornamente, die „Hire“ (鰭, Flossen) genannt werden. Plastische Onigawara werden seit der Muromachi-Zeit hergestellt. (de)
- L'onigawara (鬼瓦, lit. « tuile ogre ») est un type d'ornementation des toits que l'on trouve dans l'architecture japonaise. Il s'agit généralement d'une tuile ou de statues représentant un ogre japonais (oni) ou une bête effrayante. (fr)
- Onigawara (鬼瓦, lit. ogre tile) are a type of roof ornamentation found in Japanese architecture. They are generally roof tiles or statues depicting a Japanese ogre (oni) or a fearsome beast. Prior to the Heian period, similar ornaments with floral and plant designs preceded the onigawara. The present design is thought to have come from a previous architectural element, the , which is a board painted with the face of an oni and was meant to stop roof leaks. During the Nara period the tile was decorated with other motifs, but later it acquired distinct ogre-like features and became strongly tridimensional. Onigawara are most often found on Buddhist temples. The tile's name notwithstanding, the ogre's face may be missing. (en)
- 鬼瓦（おにがわら）は、瓦葺きの屋根の端などに設置される装飾性のある瓦の総称。単に「鬼」と呼ばれることもある。厄除けと装飾が目的とされるものも多い。 (ja)
- Onigawara (鬼瓦 lit. telha ogre?) refere-se a um tipo de ornamentação utilizada acima do gablete, no telhado em arquitetura japonesa. Trata-se de telhas ou estátuas que retratam um ogro japonês (oni) ou um besta temível. Antes do período Heian, ornamentos semelhantes com desenhos florais ou vegetais, eram empregues, contudo estes foram substituídos pelos onigawara. O padrão atual parece vir de um elemento arquitectónico anterior, o , uma placa pintada com o rosto de um oni, com função de quebrar os vazamentos do telhado. Durante o período Nara, o azulejo foi decorado com outros motivos, porém mais tarde adquiriu uma função distinta no qual é fortemente empregue o tradicional ogre. O onigawara foi frequentemente utilizado em templos budistas japoneses. (pt)
- 獸面瓦，又稱脊头瓦、兽头砖，日本則稱之為鬼瓦（おにがわら），指的是一種安裝在屋頂邊框上的裝飾型瓦片，一般於中常見。 (zh)
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| - Onigawara (jap. 鬼瓦, „teufelsgesichtiger Dachziegel“) ist ein dekoratives Element in der japanischen Architektur, das zudem als Talisman dient. Mythologisch betrachtet haben Onigawara in der japanischen Architektur ähnliche unheilabwehrende Funktion wie Wasserspeier in der Architektur des Westens.Es handelt sich um einen Dachziegel, der in der Heian- und Nara-Zeit mit Blumen- und Tiermotiven, ab der Kamakura-Zeit jedoch zumeist als Fratze eines Kobolds (Oni) gestaltet ist. Der „Onigawara-Ziegel“ ist in der Regel am Ende des Dachfirsts angebracht. Bisweilen werden Onigawara auch aus Holz oder Stein gearbeitet. Sie besitzen häufig voluten- oder wellenförmige Ornamente, die „Hire“ (鰭, Flossen) genannt werden. Plastische Onigawara werden seit der Muromachi-Zeit hergestellt. (de)
- L'onigawara (鬼瓦, lit. « tuile ogre ») est un type d'ornementation des toits que l'on trouve dans l'architecture japonaise. Il s'agit généralement d'une tuile ou de statues représentant un ogre japonais (oni) ou une bête effrayante. (fr)
- Onigawara (鬼瓦, lit. ogre tile) are a type of roof ornamentation found in Japanese architecture. They are generally roof tiles or statues depicting a Japanese ogre (oni) or a fearsome beast. Prior to the Heian period, similar ornaments with floral and plant designs preceded the onigawara. The present design is thought to have come from a previous architectural element, the , which is a board painted with the face of an oni and was meant to stop roof leaks. During the Nara period the tile was decorated with other motifs, but later it acquired distinct ogre-like features and became strongly tridimensional. Onigawara are most often found on Buddhist temples. The tile's name notwithstanding, the ogre's face may be missing. (en)
- 鬼瓦（おにがわら）は、瓦葺きの屋根の端などに設置される装飾性のある瓦の総称。単に「鬼」と呼ばれることもある。厄除けと装飾が目的とされるものも多い。 (ja)
- Onigawara (鬼瓦 lit. telha ogre?) refere-se a um tipo de ornamentação utilizada acima do gablete, no telhado em arquitetura japonesa. Trata-se de telhas ou estátuas que retratam um ogro japonês (oni) ou um besta temível. Antes do período Heian, ornamentos semelhantes com desenhos florais ou vegetais, eram empregues, contudo estes foram substituídos pelos onigawara. O padrão atual parece vir de um elemento arquitectónico anterior, o , uma placa pintada com o rosto de um oni, com função de quebrar os vazamentos do telhado. Durante o período Nara, o azulejo foi decorado com outros motivos, porém mais tarde adquiriu uma função distinta no qual é fortemente empregue o tradicional ogre. O onigawara foi frequentemente utilizado em templos budistas japoneses. (pt)
- 獸面瓦，又稱脊头瓦、兽头砖，日本則稱之為鬼瓦（おにがわら），指的是一種安裝在屋頂邊框上的裝飾型瓦片，一般於中常見。 (zh)
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