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- Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of transportable complementary RNA replica. Gene transcription occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all different types of RNA, RNA polymerase in eukaryotes (including humans) comes in three variations, each translating a different type of gene. A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation. Eukaryotic transcription occurs within the nucleus where DNA is packaged into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures. The complexity of the eukaryotic genome necessitates a great variety and complexity of gene expression control. Eukaryotic transcription proceeds in three sequential stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. The RNAs transcribed serve diverse functions. For example, structural components of the ribosome are transcribed by RNA polymerase I. Protein coding genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II into messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that carry the information from DNA to the site of protein synthesis. More abundantly made are the so-called non-coding RNAs account for the large majority of the transcriptional output of a cell. These non-coding RNAs perform a variety of important cellular functions. (en)
- 真核转录是真核生物将存储在DNA中的遗传信息复制到RNA中的复杂过程。转录既发生在真核生物中，也发生在原核生物中。原核生物中的RNA聚合酶可以启动所有类型的转录；不同于原核生物，真核生物（包括人类）的RNA聚合酶有三种变体，每种变体编码不同类型的基因。真核生物的转录与翻译在不同的场所进行。真核细胞的转录发生在细胞核内，核中的DNA一般被包装成核小体以及更高级的染色质结构。真核生物基因组的复杂性决定了基因表达控制的多样性和复杂性。 (zh)
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- 真核转录是真核生物将存储在DNA中的遗传信息复制到RNA中的复杂过程。转录既发生在真核生物中，也发生在原核生物中。原核生物中的RNA聚合酶可以启动所有类型的转录；不同于原核生物，真核生物（包括人类）的RNA聚合酶有三种变体，每种变体编码不同类型的基因。真核生物的转录与翻译在不同的场所进行。真核细胞的转录发生在细胞核内，核中的DNA一般被包装成核小体以及更高级的染色质结构。真核生物基因组的复杂性决定了基因表达控制的多样性和复杂性。 (zh)
- Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of transportable complementary RNA replica. Gene transcription occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all different types of RNA, RNA polymerase in eukaryotes (including humans) comes in three variations, each translating a different type of gene. A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation. Eukaryotic transcription occurs within the nucleus where DNA is packaged into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures. The complexity of the eukaryotic genome necessitates a great variety and complexity of gene expression control. (en)
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- Eukaryotic transcription (en)
- 真核转录 (zh)
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