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- The cot–caught merger or LOT–THOUGHT merger, formally known in linguistics as the low back merger, is a sound change present in some dialects of English where speakers do not distinguish the vowel phonemes in "cot" and "caught". "Cot" and "caught" (along with "bot" and "bought", "pond" and "pawned", etc.) is an example of a minimal pair that is lost as a result of this sound change. The phonemes involved in the cot–caught merger, the low back vowels, are typically represented in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ɒ/ and /ɔ/, respectively (in the U.S., co-occurring with the father–bother merger, as /ɑ/ and /ɔ/). The merger is typical of most Canadian and Scottish English dialects as well as some Irish and U.S. English dialects. An additional vowel merger, the father–bother merger, which spread through North America in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, has resulted today in a three-way merger in which most Canadian and some U.S. accents have no vowel difference in words like "palm" /ɑ/, "lot" /ɒ/, and "thought" /ɔ/. (en)
- Cot–caught 合併（英語：cot–caught merger）又作LOT–THOUGHT合併（LOT–THOUGHT merger），語言學正式名稱為低後母音合併（low back merger），是部分英語方言的一種語音變化，表現為說話者不區分「cot」和「caught」二詞中母音的音位。「cot」和「caught」（以及「bot」和「bought」，「pond」和「pawned」等）是一個造成此發音丟失最小對立體的變化的例子。cot–caught 合併中涉及的音位——低後元音在國際音標中通常分別表示為/ɒ/和/ɔ/。此合併現象發生在大部分加拿大英語及蘇格蘭英語，以及許多愛爾蘭和美國英語方言。 另外一個母音合併現象——在18及19世紀在北美傳播，導致當今大部分加拿大英語及許多美國口音在諸如「palm」/ɑ/、「lot」/ɒ/和「thought」/ɔ/這樣的詞彙中3組母音均無差別。 (zh)
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- for cot and for caught (en)
- for cot and caught alike (en)
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- En-us-cot.ogg (en)
- En-us-inlandnorth-cot-caught-unmerged.ogg (en)
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- Examples of a merged and an unmerged speaker of American English (en)
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- Merged speaker (en)
- Non-merged speaker (en)
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- Cot–caught 合併（英語：cot–caught merger）又作LOT–THOUGHT合併（LOT–THOUGHT merger），語言學正式名稱為低後母音合併（low back merger），是部分英語方言的一種語音變化，表現為說話者不區分「cot」和「caught」二詞中母音的音位。「cot」和「caught」（以及「bot」和「bought」，「pond」和「pawned」等）是一個造成此發音丟失最小對立體的變化的例子。cot–caught 合併中涉及的音位——低後元音在國際音標中通常分別表示為/ɒ/和/ɔ/。此合併現象發生在大部分加拿大英語及蘇格蘭英語，以及許多愛爾蘭和美國英語方言。 另外一個母音合併現象——在18及19世紀在北美傳播，導致當今大部分加拿大英語及許多美國口音在諸如「palm」/ɑ/、「lot」/ɒ/和「thought」/ɔ/這樣的詞彙中3組母音均無差別。 (zh)
- The cot–caught merger or LOT–THOUGHT merger, formally known in linguistics as the low back merger, is a sound change present in some dialects of English where speakers do not distinguish the vowel phonemes in "cot" and "caught". "Cot" and "caught" (along with "bot" and "bought", "pond" and "pawned", etc.) is an example of a minimal pair that is lost as a result of this sound change. The phonemes involved in the cot–caught merger, the low back vowels, are typically represented in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ɒ/ and /ɔ/, respectively (in the U.S., co-occurring with the father–bother merger, as /ɑ/ and /ɔ/). The merger is typical of most Canadian and Scottish English dialects as well as some Irish and U.S. English dialects. (en)
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- Cot–caught merger (en)
- Cot–caught合併 (zh)
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