dbo:abstract
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- Jede parlamentarische Fraktion im politischen System Deutschlands hat ein oder mehrere Mitglieder als parlamentarische Geschäftsführer. Im Gegensatz zum Bundesgeschäftsführer und zum Generalsekretär einer Partei ist der Wirkungskreis der parlamentarischen Geschäftsführer das Parlament: auf Bundesebene der Deutsche Bundestag, auf Landesebene der jeweilige Landtag. Die parlamentarischen Geschäftsführer können als Manager des Alltagsgeschäftes im Parlament bezeichnet werden. (de)
- The Chief Whip is a political leader whose task is to enforce the whipping system, which aims to ensure that legislators who are members of a political party attend and vote on legislation as the party leadership prescribes. (en)
- 首席黨鞭(英語:Chief Whip),為英國國會中的一个政治职务,是英國下議院執政黨國會議員的領袖,其任务是管理國會中黨團記錄,以求确保党的立法机构成员按照党和党的领袖的意愿投票。在英国政治中,下議院國會議員領袖也会兼任財政部國會秘書,得以出席内阁会议。下議院國會議員領袖在唐宁街12号有官邸,但其现在会于唐宁街9号办公。 議員領袖可以对本党党员行使重大权力,甚至包括内阁成员,議員領袖的话往往被视为是首相的意见。玛格丽特·撒切尔的議員領袖以“内阁强制实施者”而闻名。 議員領袖的角色在外界看来非常神秘,因为其工作是监督和鞭策本党党员、执行党纪,而且党鞭从不在电视或者广播中亮相。但在2012年政府議員領袖安德鲁·米切尔身陷丑闻时,他不得不公开露面为自己辩护。下院的党鞭们也不能在下院发言。 議員領袖由副議員領袖、普通党鞭和助理党鞭等协助工作。党鞭这份工作本身没有薪水,他们通过兼任财政部或宫内大臣的下属职务而获得薪水。他们的兼职一般是礼仪性任务,不影响他们的本职工作。副議員領袖兼任、排名最靠前的两名党鞭兼任和、其他党鞭兼任、助理党鞭和所有反对党党鞭则不兼它职,也就是说,他们没有作为党鞭的薪水。当然反对党議員領袖除外,像反对党领袖一样,他或她除了一份议员的薪水以外,还通过兼任一个公职获得额外薪水,一般是枢密院的职务。 党鞭表面上独断专行,但实际上却是党的领导层和后座议员们之间的沟通者。如果后座议员对党的领导层的决策不满意,他们会在投票时反对领导层,迫使领导层做出妥协和让步。 党鞭制度正式引入英国是在19世纪80年代,第一位下議院國會議員領袖是的查尔斯·斯图尔特·帕内尔,但在1846年威灵顿公爵就曾劝告过时任保守党领袖爱德华·史密斯-斯坦利组建“猎犬(whippers-in)队”来确保党内忠诚。 (zh)
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rdfs:comment
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- Jede parlamentarische Fraktion im politischen System Deutschlands hat ein oder mehrere Mitglieder als parlamentarische Geschäftsführer. Im Gegensatz zum Bundesgeschäftsführer und zum Generalsekretär einer Partei ist der Wirkungskreis der parlamentarischen Geschäftsführer das Parlament: auf Bundesebene der Deutsche Bundestag, auf Landesebene der jeweilige Landtag. Die parlamentarischen Geschäftsführer können als Manager des Alltagsgeschäftes im Parlament bezeichnet werden. (de)
- The Chief Whip is a political leader whose task is to enforce the whipping system, which aims to ensure that legislators who are members of a political party attend and vote on legislation as the party leadership prescribes. (en)
- 首席黨鞭(英語:Chief Whip),為英國國會中的一个政治职务,是英國下議院執政黨國會議員的領袖,其任务是管理國會中黨團記錄,以求确保党的立法机构成员按照党和党的领袖的意愿投票。在英国政治中,下議院國會議員領袖也会兼任財政部國會秘書,得以出席内阁会议。下議院國會議員領袖在唐宁街12号有官邸,但其现在会于唐宁街9号办公。 議員領袖可以对本党党员行使重大权力,甚至包括内阁成员,議員領袖的话往往被视为是首相的意见。玛格丽特·撒切尔的議員領袖以“内阁强制实施者”而闻名。 議員領袖的角色在外界看来非常神秘,因为其工作是监督和鞭策本党党员、执行党纪,而且党鞭从不在电视或者广播中亮相。但在2012年政府議員領袖安德鲁·米切尔身陷丑闻时,他不得不公开露面为自己辩护。下院的党鞭们也不能在下院发言。 議員領袖由副議員領袖、普通党鞭和助理党鞭等协助工作。党鞭这份工作本身没有薪水,他们通过兼任财政部或宫内大臣的下属职务而获得薪水。他们的兼职一般是礼仪性任务,不影响他们的本职工作。副議員領袖兼任、排名最靠前的两名党鞭兼任和、其他党鞭兼任、助理党鞭和所有反对党党鞭则不兼它职,也就是说,他们没有作为党鞭的薪水。当然反对党議員領袖除外,像反对党领袖一样,他或她除了一份议员的薪水以外,还通过兼任一个公职获得额外薪水,一般是枢密院的职务。 (zh)
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- Chief Whip (en)
- Parlamentarischer Geschäftsführer (de)
- 首席黨鞭 (英國) (zh)
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