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Subject Item
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Indian Civil Service Indian Civil Service インド高等文官 Indian Civil Service Pamong Praja India Indian Civil Service
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L’Indian Civil Service (ICS), appelé aussi pendant une partie du XIXe siècle Imperial Civil Service, était la fonction publique la plus haute de l'Empire britannique en Inde britannique entre 1858 et 1947. Au début, les mille membres supérieurs de l'ICS, appelés « Civilians » (« Civils »), étaient presque tous britanniques et avaient été formés dans les « meilleures » écoles britanniques. En 1905, 5 % étaient bengalis et, en 1947, il y avait 322 membres indiens et 688 britanniques. La plupart de ces derniers sont partis au moment de la partition et de l'indépendance de l'Inde. The Indian Civil Service (ICS), officially known as the Imperial Civil Service, was the higher civil service of the British Empire in India during British rule in the period between 1858 and 1947. Its members ruled over more than 300 million people in the Presidencies and provinces of British India and were ultimately responsible for overseeing all government activity in the 250 districts that comprised British India. They were appointed under Section XXXII(32) of the Government of India Act 1858, enacted by the British Parliament. The ICS was headed by the Secretary of State for India, a member of the British cabinet. インド高等文官（Indian Civil Service）とは、イギリス領インドの植民地統治に従事した高級官僚。または、この高級官僚による統治体制。略してICS。 Indian Civil Service (ICS), den ämbetsmannakår som byggdes upp i Indien av Ostindiska kompaniet från 1700-talets slut. Ersattes vid den indiska självständigheten 1947 av Indian Administrative Service. ICS togs 1858 över av brittiska kronan. Den omfattade 1900 totalt omkring 1 000 ämbetsmän, varav 20 infödda indier. Sedan inträdesproven från 1919 börjat hållas i Indien såväl som i Storbritannien började andelen infödda indier successivt öka. Vid självständigheten var andelen 50%. Indian Civil Service, auch unter dem Akronym ICS bekannt, war die Verwaltungselite im Dienste der indischen Regierung. Er wurde von der Kolonialherrschaft in Britisch-Indien gegründet. Die heutigen Civil Services of India sind anders organisiert. Pamong Praja India (bahasa Inggris: Indian Civil Service, ICS) yang pada abad ke-19 dikenal sebagai Pamong Praja Imperium (bahasa Inggris: Imperial Civil Service), adalah sebuah pamong praja tingkat tinggi Kekaisaran Britania di India Britania pada masa kekuasaan Inggris antara 1858 dan 1947.
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Sir Gabriel Stokes V. Narahari Rao Sir Henry Edward Stokes
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Sir Henry Edward Stokes, Sir Gabriel Stokes and V. Narahari Rao in the uniform of the Indian Civil Service.
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Sir Gabriel .JPG V Narahari Rao in civil service uniform.jpg Sir Henry Edward Stokes KCSI.JPG
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Indian Civil Service (ICS), den ämbetsmannakår som byggdes upp i Indien av Ostindiska kompaniet från 1700-talets slut. Ersattes vid den indiska självständigheten 1947 av Indian Administrative Service. ICS togs 1858 över av brittiska kronan. Den omfattade 1900 totalt omkring 1 000 ämbetsmän, varav 20 infödda indier. Sedan inträdesproven från 1919 börjat hållas i Indien såväl som i Storbritannien började andelen infödda indier successivt öka. Vid självständigheten var andelen 50%. The Indian Civil Service (ICS), officially known as the Imperial Civil Service, was the higher civil service of the British Empire in India during British rule in the period between 1858 and 1947. Its members ruled over more than 300 million people in the Presidencies and provinces of British India and were ultimately responsible for overseeing all government activity in the 250 districts that comprised British India. They were appointed under Section XXXII(32) of the Government of India Act 1858, enacted by the British Parliament. The ICS was headed by the Secretary of State for India, a member of the British cabinet. At first almost all the top thousand members of the ICS, known as "Civilians", were British, and had been educated in the best British schools. At the time of the creation of India and Pakistan in 1947, the outgoing Government of India's ICS was divided between India and Pakistan. Although these are now organised differently, the contemporary Civil Services of India, the Central Superior Services of Pakistan, Bangladesh Civil Service and Myanmar Civil Service are all descended from the old Indian Civil Service. Historians often rate the ICS, together with the railway system, the legal system, and the Indian Army, as among the most important legacies of British rule in India. インド高等文官（Indian Civil Service）とは、イギリス領インドの植民地統治に従事した高級官僚。または、この高級官僚による統治体制。略してICS。 Indian Civil Service, auch unter dem Akronym ICS bekannt, war die Verwaltungselite im Dienste der indischen Regierung. Er wurde von der Kolonialherrschaft in Britisch-Indien gegründet. Die heutigen Civil Services of India sind anders organisiert. Pamong Praja India (bahasa Inggris: Indian Civil Service, ICS) yang pada abad ke-19 dikenal sebagai Pamong Praja Imperium (bahasa Inggris: Imperial Civil Service), adalah sebuah pamong praja tingkat tinggi Kekaisaran Britania di India Britania pada masa kekuasaan Inggris antara 1858 dan 1947. Para anggotanya memerintah lebih dari 300 juta orang India dan bertanggung jawab mutlak terhadap pengawasan seluruh kegiatan pemerintah di 250 distrik yang masuk India Britania. Mereka dilantik di bawah Bab XXXII , yang dicanangkan oleh Parlemen Britania Raya. ICS dikepalai oleh , seorang anggota dari kabinet Inggris. Pada hampir seluruh ribuan anggota ICS papan atas pertama, yang dikenal sebagai "orang-orang Sipil", adalah orang Inggris, dan telah terdidik di sekolah-sekolah Inggris terbaik. Pada 1905, lima persen diantaranya berasal dari Benggala. Pada 1947, terdapat 322 anggota India dan 688 anggota Inggris; kebanyakan hengkang pada masa pemisahan dan kemerdekaan. L’Indian Civil Service (ICS), appelé aussi pendant une partie du XIXe siècle Imperial Civil Service, était la fonction publique la plus haute de l'Empire britannique en Inde britannique entre 1858 et 1947. Ses membres administraient près de 300 millions d'Indiens et étaient responsables de la surveillance des activités gouvernementales dans les 250 districts que comptait l’Inde britannique. Ils étaient désignés conformément à la section Section XXXII du Government of India Act de 1858 adopté par le Parlement du Royaume-Uni. L'ICS était dirigé par le Secrétaire d'État à l'Inde, un membre du gouvernement britannique. Au début, les mille membres supérieurs de l'ICS, appelés « Civilians » (« Civils »), étaient presque tous britanniques et avaient été formés dans les « meilleures » écoles britanniques. En 1905, 5 % étaient bengalis et, en 1947, il y avait 322 membres indiens et 688 britanniques. La plupart de ces derniers sont partis au moment de la partition et de l'indépendance de l'Inde. Jusque dans les années 1930, les Indiens étaient très peu nombreux dans le service et n’y occupaient pas de hautes positions. Le spécialiste d'histoire contemporaine Wainwright note qu'au milieu des années 1880, « les bases de la discrimination raciale du sous-continent s’étaient figées. » En 1947, au moment de l'indépendance de l’Inde et du Pakistan, l'ICS a été divisé entre les dominions de l'Inde et du Pakistan. Bien qu'elles soient maintenant organisées différemment, la fonction publique de l'Inde et (en) en descendent.
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