About: Yuegang

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Yuegang (Chinese: 月港; pinyin: Yuègǎng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Goe̍h-káng; lit. 'Moon Harbour') was a seaport situated at the estuary of the Jiulong River near Zhangzhou in Fujian, China. Known as a smuggling hub since the early Ming dynasty, Yuegang rose to prominence in the 16th century as the Ming government cracked down on other hubs of private maritime trade, deemed illegal at the time due to the isolationist haijin laws. When the prohibitions were lifted in 1567, Yuegang was designated as the port in Fujian from where it is legal to trade overseas. Since then, it flourished as the Chinese terminus of the trans-Pacific trade carried by the Manila galleon through its trade with the Spanish Philippines until it was overshadowed by Xiamen in the 17th century.

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dbo:abstract
  • Jüe-kang (čínsky pchin-jinem Yuègǎng, znaky 月港; česky Měsíční přístav) byl v 16. století významný přístav a centrum nelegálního, později i legálního, zahraničního obchodu mingské Číny. Ležel v provincii Fu-ťien. (cs)
  • Yuegang (月港) adalah nama kota pelabuhan yang terletak di kabupaten , Zhangzhou, Fujian, Tiongkok. Yuegang merupakan pelabuhan dagang utama pada periode pertengahan dan akhir Dinasti Ming (1368-1644). Yuegang, disebut juga Yuequangang, terletak di modern, Distrik Longhai. Karena berbentuk bulan sabit sehingga Yuegang diartikan “Pelabuhan Bulan”. Yuegang berada dalam wilayah strategis dan menguntungkan. Daerah Zhangzhou selatan berada di sisi gunung dan laut, tepat di antara Fujian dan Guangdong. Jalur transportasi darat dan kondisi geografi yang menguntungkan memungkinkan perkembangan pelabuhan Yuegang. Selain itu Yuegang langsung berhadapan dengan laut yang menjadi jalur dagang utama dengan negara lain. (in)
  • Yuegang (Chinese: 月港; pinyin: Yuègǎng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Goe̍h-káng; lit. 'Moon Harbour') was a seaport situated at the estuary of the Jiulong River near Zhangzhou in Fujian, China. Known as a smuggling hub since the early Ming dynasty, Yuegang rose to prominence in the 16th century as the Ming government cracked down on other hubs of private maritime trade, deemed illegal at the time due to the isolationist haijin laws. When the prohibitions were lifted in 1567, Yuegang was designated as the port in Fujian from where it is legal to trade overseas. Since then, it flourished as the Chinese terminus of the trans-Pacific trade carried by the Manila galleon through its trade with the Spanish Philippines until it was overshadowed by Xiamen in the 17th century. (en)
  • 月港位于福建漳州九龙江出海处,是明朝民间冲破海禁政策,进行对外贸易的港口,为官方認定的走私贸易中心。至今此港仍有走私者出沒。 明洪武三年(1370年)以后,政府实行海禁政策,福建的正常海上贸易受阻,民间出海贸易被迫转入走私方式。四大明政府認定的走私港口:雙嶼、、以及月港,其中月港乃最活跃的港口之一。 明朝末年海禁鬆弛,明政府允许民间出海贸易,但嚴查外国商船的进出海贸易,是为「月港制度」:所有出洋的商船,必須從月港出發,並在從月港到廈門的九龍江水道上,接受明政府層層關卡的盤查。也因此,顾炎武在《天下郡国利病书》中,有“闽人通番,皆自漳州月港出洋”之说。 實際上,月港為一內河港口,港道不深,在當時來說出海也不方便。無動力時代的船隻從月港到廈門,需一宿的時間。由於港道不深,大船裝滿貨物以後需用幾條小舟拖曳,大船才能航行。當年明政府為方便管理而一錘定音,又在月港設立了海澄縣,明政府取「海澄」縣名,意思為「海疆澄清」。得益于明政府的照顧,月港迅速繁榮起來,据《》记载:「月港自昔号巨镇,店肆蜂房栉蓖,商贾云集,洋艘停泊,商人勤贸,航海贸易诸蕃」,当时已是「农贾杂半,走洋如适市,朝夕皆海供,酬酢皆夷产」,成为「闽南一大都会」。 福建较大规模的有组织的海外移民也从这个时候开始,移民目的地包括台湾、琉球(现日本冲绳)、日本和东南亚、比如菲律宾。 值得一提的是,月港是煙草最早傳入中國的港口。當年由一福建商人陳振龍于呂宋(菲律宾)經商時,把其帶回福建,于月港附近的石碼種植。 (zh)
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  • 月港 (en)
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  • Locations of Yuegang, Zhangzhou, and Xiamen (en)
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  • Moon Harbour (en)
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  • Xiamen (en)
  • Zhangzhou (en)
  • Yuegang (en)
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  • Yuègǎng (en)
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  • Goe̍h-káng (en)
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  • Jüe-kang (čínsky pchin-jinem Yuègǎng, znaky 月港; česky Měsíční přístav) byl v 16. století významný přístav a centrum nelegálního, později i legálního, zahraničního obchodu mingské Číny. Ležel v provincii Fu-ťien. (cs)
  • Yuegang (月港) adalah nama kota pelabuhan yang terletak di kabupaten , Zhangzhou, Fujian, Tiongkok. Yuegang merupakan pelabuhan dagang utama pada periode pertengahan dan akhir Dinasti Ming (1368-1644). Yuegang, disebut juga Yuequangang, terletak di modern, Distrik Longhai. Karena berbentuk bulan sabit sehingga Yuegang diartikan “Pelabuhan Bulan”. Yuegang berada dalam wilayah strategis dan menguntungkan. Daerah Zhangzhou selatan berada di sisi gunung dan laut, tepat di antara Fujian dan Guangdong. Jalur transportasi darat dan kondisi geografi yang menguntungkan memungkinkan perkembangan pelabuhan Yuegang. Selain itu Yuegang langsung berhadapan dengan laut yang menjadi jalur dagang utama dengan negara lain. (in)
  • Yuegang (Chinese: 月港; pinyin: Yuègǎng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Goe̍h-káng; lit. 'Moon Harbour') was a seaport situated at the estuary of the Jiulong River near Zhangzhou in Fujian, China. Known as a smuggling hub since the early Ming dynasty, Yuegang rose to prominence in the 16th century as the Ming government cracked down on other hubs of private maritime trade, deemed illegal at the time due to the isolationist haijin laws. When the prohibitions were lifted in 1567, Yuegang was designated as the port in Fujian from where it is legal to trade overseas. Since then, it flourished as the Chinese terminus of the trans-Pacific trade carried by the Manila galleon through its trade with the Spanish Philippines until it was overshadowed by Xiamen in the 17th century. (en)
  • 月港位于福建漳州九龙江出海处,是明朝民间冲破海禁政策,进行对外贸易的港口,为官方認定的走私贸易中心。至今此港仍有走私者出沒。 明洪武三年(1370年)以后,政府实行海禁政策,福建的正常海上贸易受阻,民间出海贸易被迫转入走私方式。四大明政府認定的走私港口:雙嶼、、以及月港,其中月港乃最活跃的港口之一。 明朝末年海禁鬆弛,明政府允许民间出海贸易,但嚴查外国商船的进出海贸易,是为「月港制度」:所有出洋的商船,必須從月港出發,並在從月港到廈門的九龍江水道上,接受明政府層層關卡的盤查。也因此,顾炎武在《天下郡国利病书》中,有“闽人通番,皆自漳州月港出洋”之说。 實際上,月港為一內河港口,港道不深,在當時來說出海也不方便。無動力時代的船隻從月港到廈門,需一宿的時間。由於港道不深,大船裝滿貨物以後需用幾條小舟拖曳,大船才能航行。當年明政府為方便管理而一錘定音,又在月港設立了海澄縣,明政府取「海澄」縣名,意思為「海疆澄清」。得益于明政府的照顧,月港迅速繁榮起來,据《》记载:「月港自昔号巨镇,店肆蜂房栉蓖,商贾云集,洋艘停泊,商人勤贸,航海贸易诸蕃」,当时已是「农贾杂半,走洋如适市,朝夕皆海供,酬酢皆夷产」,成为「闽南一大都会」。 福建较大规模的有组织的海外移民也从这个时候开始,移民目的地包括台湾、琉球(现日本冲绳)、日本和东南亚、比如菲律宾。 (zh)
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  • Jüe-kang (cs)
  • Yuegang (in)
  • Yuegang (en)
  • 月港 (zh)
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