About: Southern Song dynasty coinage

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The Southern Song dynasty refers to an era of the Song dynasty after Kaifeng was captured by the Jurchen Jin dynasty in 1127. The government of the Song was forced to establish a new capital city at Lin'an (present day Hangzhou) which wasn't near any sources of copper so the quality of the cash coins produced under the Southern Song significantly deteriorated compared to the cast copper-alloy cash coins of the Northern Song dynasty. The Southern Song government preferred to invest in their defenses (as its incapable military easily fell to the Jurchens) while trying to remain passive towards the Jin dynasty establishing a long peace until the Mongols eventually annexed the Jin before marching down to the Song establishing the Yuan dynasty.

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  • The Southern Song dynasty refers to an era of the Song dynasty after Kaifeng was captured by the Jurchen Jin dynasty in 1127. The government of the Song was forced to establish a new capital city at Lin'an (present day Hangzhou) which wasn't near any sources of copper so the quality of the cash coins produced under the Southern Song significantly deteriorated compared to the cast copper-alloy cash coins of the Northern Song dynasty. The Southern Song government preferred to invest in their defenses (as its incapable military easily fell to the Jurchens) while trying to remain passive towards the Jin dynasty establishing a long peace until the Mongols eventually annexed the Jin before marching down to the Song establishing the Yuan dynasty. Coins from the Song dynasty have appeared in variants written in either standard (top-bottom-right-left) or clockwise (top-right-bottom-left). The Southern Song dynasty saw the emergence of paper money, while coins were increasingly becoming a rarity. Iron cash coins also started to be used in greater numbers, at first due to the lack of copper, but later even as more copper was found the production of iron cash coins remained cheaper and an abundance of iron made it more attractive for the government to produce, while several problems such as the fact that iron is harder to inscribe, and that iron corrodes faster ensured the continued production of copper cash coins. Despite the chronic shortages of copper the Southern Song used special coins as a form of psychological warfare against Jin army defectors, and copper coins (and later silver sycees) would remain the standard of administration even for the newly introduced paper money. (en)
  • 宋銭（そうせん）は、中国・宋代に鋳造された貨幣である銅銭。また、宋代には鉄銭も鋳造された が、一般的には、圧倒的に多い銅銭のことを指して宋銭と呼んでいる。 (ja)
  • 宋代货币可分为两大类：一、硬币，有铜钱、铁钱、夹锡币及金银等。二、纸币，有交子、钱引、会子等。南宋时，铜钱数目渐少，交子、关子、会子乃继之通行。 宋錢是北宋時期所鑄造的硬通貨貨幣，材質為銅，故稱銅钱。但是，北宋初年的四川地區（當時有五代十國的後蜀政權）曾經鑄造過鐵錢，該貨幣曾於四川・陝西等廣泛使用，而趙光義曾一度終止使用，直到宋仁宗天聖元年，鐵錢全部被禁止使用並收繳回中央，被官交子所取代。 而由於宋對遼、西夏之間曾有過敵對关係，為了防止鐵錢的流出以資助敵人，故以銅錢代替鐵钱，結果銅錢生產過多，而都稱為宋钱。 (zh)
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  • The story relates that a patron bought a bowl of soup and paid for it with a "10 cash" coin. The soup seller did not have any small change and so encouraged the customer to eat more and more soup. The customer continued to eat but finally sighed and said, "it is fortunate that my coin is only a "10 cash". If it had been a "100 cash" it would have killed me!" (en)
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  • - Translated by Gary Ashkenazy of the Primaltrek website from Mandarin Chinese. (en)
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  • 宋銭（そうせん）は、中国・宋代に鋳造された貨幣である銅銭。また、宋代には鉄銭も鋳造された が、一般的には、圧倒的に多い銅銭のことを指して宋銭と呼んでいる。 (ja)
  • 宋代货币可分为两大类：一、硬币，有铜钱、铁钱、夹锡币及金银等。二、纸币，有交子、钱引、会子等。南宋时，铜钱数目渐少，交子、关子、会子乃继之通行。 宋錢是北宋時期所鑄造的硬通貨貨幣，材質為銅，故稱銅钱。但是，北宋初年的四川地區（當時有五代十國的後蜀政權）曾經鑄造過鐵錢，該貨幣曾於四川・陝西等廣泛使用，而趙光義曾一度終止使用，直到宋仁宗天聖元年，鐵錢全部被禁止使用並收繳回中央，被官交子所取代。 而由於宋對遼、西夏之間曾有過敵對关係，為了防止鐵錢的流出以資助敵人，故以銅錢代替鐵钱，結果銅錢生產過多，而都稱為宋钱。 (zh)
  • The Southern Song dynasty refers to an era of the Song dynasty after Kaifeng was captured by the Jurchen Jin dynasty in 1127. The government of the Song was forced to establish a new capital city at Lin'an (present day Hangzhou) which wasn't near any sources of copper so the quality of the cash coins produced under the Southern Song significantly deteriorated compared to the cast copper-alloy cash coins of the Northern Song dynasty. The Southern Song government preferred to invest in their defenses (as its incapable military easily fell to the Jurchens) while trying to remain passive towards the Jin dynasty establishing a long peace until the Mongols eventually annexed the Jin before marching down to the Song establishing the Yuan dynasty. (en)
rdfs:label
  • 宋銭 (ja)
  • Southern Song dynasty coinage (en)
  • 宋朝货币 (zh)
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