Samuel Cochran (May 9, 1871 – December 26, 1952) was an American medical missionary and philanthropist who worked for over twenty years in Eastern China. One of the "first half-dozen physicians in China," Cochran was the Station Chairman for the Hwai-Yuen Mission. Under his leadership, two hospitals were erected in Hwai-Yuen, with one specifically dedicated to local women. Cochran served as president of the Medical Association of China for two terms. Later, Cochran transitioned to academia, working for Shantung Christian University (Cheeloo University, now Shandong University). and inspiring the merger between the university's medical program with Peking Women's Medical School to develop a teaching hospital. Cochran's long-term research, started at the mission and continued at the universi