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- Die Revenue Act von 1913, auch bekannt als Underwood-Act, Underwood Tariff Act oder Underwood-Simmons Act (Kapitel 16, 38 Stat. 114, 3. Oktober 1913) war ein US-amerikanisches Tarifgesetz, innerhalb der Bundeseinkommensteuer, welches nach der Ratifizierung des Sechzehnten Zusatzgesetzes die Grundzölle von 40 % auf 25 %, senkte. Das lag deutlich unter dem Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act (1909). Nach einem Anliegen des Alabama-Kongressabgeordneten Oscar Underwood wurde die Revenue Act am 3. Oktober 1913 von Präsident Woodrow Wilson in Kraft gesetzt. (de)
- The Revenue Act of 1913, also known as the Underwood Tariff or the Underwood-Simmons Act (ch. 16, 38 Stat. 114), re-established a federal income tax in the United States and substantially lowered tariff rates. The act was sponsored by Representative Oscar Underwood, passed by the 63rd United States Congress, and signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson. Wilson and other members of the Democratic Party had long seen high tariffs as equivalent to unfair taxes on consumers, and tariff reduction was President Wilson's first priority upon taking office. Following the ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment in 1913, Democratic leaders agreed to seek passage of a major bill that would dramatically lower tariffs and implement an income tax. Underwood quickly shepherded the revenue bill through the House of Representatives, but the bill won approval in the United States Senate only after extensive lobbying by the Wilson administration. Wilson signed the bill into law on October 3, 1913. The Revenue Act of 1913 lowered average tariff rates from 40 percent to 26 percent. It also established a one percent tax on income above $3,000 per year; the tax affected approximately three percent of the population. A separate provision established a corporate tax of one percent, superseding a previous tax that had only applied to corporations with net incomes greater than $5,000 per year. Though a Republican-controlled Congress would later raise tariff rates, the Revenue Act of 1913 marked an important shift in federal revenue policy, as government revenue would increasingly rely on income taxes rather than tariff duties. (en)
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- Die Revenue Act von 1913, auch bekannt als Underwood-Act, Underwood Tariff Act oder Underwood-Simmons Act (Kapitel 16, 38 Stat. 114, 3. Oktober 1913) war ein US-amerikanisches Tarifgesetz, innerhalb der Bundeseinkommensteuer, welches nach der Ratifizierung des Sechzehnten Zusatzgesetzes die Grundzölle von 40 % auf 25 %, senkte. Das lag deutlich unter dem Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act (1909). Nach einem Anliegen des Alabama-Kongressabgeordneten Oscar Underwood wurde die Revenue Act am 3. Oktober 1913 von Präsident Woodrow Wilson in Kraft gesetzt. (de)
- The Revenue Act of 1913, also known as the Underwood Tariff or the Underwood-Simmons Act (ch. 16, 38 Stat. 114), re-established a federal income tax in the United States and substantially lowered tariff rates. The act was sponsored by Representative Oscar Underwood, passed by the 63rd United States Congress, and signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson. (en)
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