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- In military/security studies and international relations, police action is a military action undertaken without a formal declaration of war. Today the term counter-insurgency is more used. Since World War II, formal declarations of war have been rare, especially actions conducted by developed nations in connection with the Cold War. Rather, nations involved in military conflict (especially the major-power nations) sometimes describe the conflict by fighting the war under the auspices of a "police action" to show that it is a limited military operation different from total war. The earliest appearance of the phrase was in 1883, referring to attempts by Netherlands forces and English forces to liberate the 28-man crew of the SS Nisero, who were held hostage. The Dutch term politionele acties (police actions) was used for this. The Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary: Eleventh Edition called it in its 1933 issue; a localized military action undertaken without formal declaration of war by regular armed forces against persons (as guerrillas or aggressors) held to be violators of international peace and order. It was also used to imply a formal claim of sovereignty by colonial powers, such as in the military actions of the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and other allies during the Indonesian National Revolution (1945–1949) and the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960). (en)
- Een politionele actie is een geïsoleerde militaire actie waarvoor geen oorlogsverklaring vereist is. Politionele acties zijn bedoeld om te reageren op een staat die in strijd is met internationale verdragen of normen of die een agressieve daad heeft gepleegd of dreigde te veroorzaken. Tegenwoordig bezigt men vaker de Engelse term counter-insurgency (anti-oproeroperatie). De eerste keer dat de term politionele acties werd gebruikt was in 1883, verwijzend naar pogingen van Nederlandse en Engelse troepen om de 28 man bemanning van de SS te bevrijden, die gegijzeld werd. De Nederlandse term politionele acties werd hiervoor gebruikt. (nl)
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- In military/security studies and international relations, police action is a military action undertaken without a formal declaration of war. Today the term counter-insurgency is more used. Since World War II, formal declarations of war have been rare, especially actions conducted by developed nations in connection with the Cold War. Rather, nations involved in military conflict (especially the major-power nations) sometimes describe the conflict by fighting the war under the auspices of a "police action" to show that it is a limited military operation different from total war. (en)
- Een politionele actie is een geïsoleerde militaire actie waarvoor geen oorlogsverklaring vereist is. Politionele acties zijn bedoeld om te reageren op een staat die in strijd is met internationale verdragen of normen of die een agressieve daad heeft gepleegd of dreigde te veroorzaken. Tegenwoordig bezigt men vaker de Engelse term counter-insurgency (anti-oproeroperatie). (nl)
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- Police action (en)
- Politionele actie (nl)
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