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- Phạm Văn Tham (范文參, ?–1789) or Phạm Văn Sâm, was a general of Tây Sơn dynasty, Vietnam. Phạm Văn Tham was an elder brother of Phạm Ngạn and Phạm Công Hưng. He also had a sister Phạm Thị Liên, whom was Nguyễn Huệ's wife. Tham joined the Tây Sơn army in early time. He was promoted to Thái bảo ("Grand Protector"), and participated in many battles against Nguyễn lords. He killed and in action, and defeated , . In 1787, Nguyễn Ánh returned to Vietnam and landed in Long Xuyên. Getting the information, Nguyễn Lữ was afraid, and retreated to Biên Hòa, leaving Tham to defend Sài Gòn. Nguyễn Ánh forged a letter from Nguyễn Nhạc to Nguyễn Lữ, and sent it to Tham. In the letter, Nhạc described Tham as an overbearing man, and ordered Lữ to kill Tham. After receiving the letter, Tham marched to Biên Hòa, with a white flag in front of the army, to justify his wrongful treatment. But the white flag was mistaken for his surrender to Nguyễn lord, Nguyễn Lữ abandoned his troops and fled to Quy Nhơn. Tham had to fight alone. He defeated Nguyễn Ánh in Sài Gòn, and forced Nguyễn Ánh to retreat to Mỹ Tho. The next year, in 1788, Võ Tánh, a general of Đông Sơn army, decided to join Nguyễn lord's side. The tables were turned; Tham was defeated and fled to Ba Thắc. In 1789, he decided to break through the encirclement and flee to Quy Nhơn by ship, but was defeated and besieged by , Tôn Thất Hội, Võ Tánh and . He had to surrender to Nguyễn lord, which marked the end of Tây Sơn rule in Gia Định. Not long after, he colluded with Nguyễn Huệ, and planned to revolt against Nguyễn lord. The plot was uncovered, and he was executed. (en)
- 范文參（越南语：Phạm Văn Tham／范文參，？－1789年），越南西山朝將領。 范文參是護駕及太尉范公興的哥哥。他很早便參加西山起義軍，後因功獲封太保。他曾參加多次對嘉定（今胡志明市）的戰鬥，斬殺舊阮將領等，擊敗尊室暉、尊室會等部。 阮岳建立西山朝之後，派范文參至嘉定，協助東定王阮侶。他在對抗舊阮阮福映的戰鬥中非常活躍。1787年，流亡暹羅的阮福映在支持者的協助下來到龍川（今金甌省），得到阮文張、阮文仁等舊部的響應。阮侶大懼，逃往鎮邊，留范文參守嘉定。阮福映偽造了一封阮岳寫給阮侶的書信，聲稱范文參是舊阮的內應，要求誅殺范文參；卻故意將其投遞至范文參處。范文參率軍持白旗前往鎮邊，欲面白其冤。阮侶見到白旗，誤以為其已投降，棄城逃往歸仁。范文參便回到嘉定，遭到阮福映的圍攻，但被范文參守住了。 1788年，舊阮阮福映攻嘉定，阮文張駐美湫，對范文參進行夾擊。此戰甚為慘烈，後來由於武性的加入，舊阮獲勝。范文參被打敗，逃往巴薩河（後江），在真臘人的幫助下，等候順風想要逃往歸仁。但舊阮軍隊封鎖了海口，范文參只得投降。不過，他仍接受阮惠的指示，暗中組織舊部，圖謀反抗。此事被阮黃德偵知後，阮福映將其誅殺。 (zh)
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- 范文參（越南语：Phạm Văn Tham／范文參，？－1789年），越南西山朝將領。 范文參是護駕及太尉范公興的哥哥。他很早便參加西山起義軍，後因功獲封太保。他曾參加多次對嘉定（今胡志明市）的戰鬥，斬殺舊阮將領等，擊敗尊室暉、尊室會等部。 阮岳建立西山朝之後，派范文參至嘉定，協助東定王阮侶。他在對抗舊阮阮福映的戰鬥中非常活躍。1787年，流亡暹羅的阮福映在支持者的協助下來到龍川（今金甌省），得到阮文張、阮文仁等舊部的響應。阮侶大懼，逃往鎮邊，留范文參守嘉定。阮福映偽造了一封阮岳寫給阮侶的書信，聲稱范文參是舊阮的內應，要求誅殺范文參；卻故意將其投遞至范文參處。范文參率軍持白旗前往鎮邊，欲面白其冤。阮侶見到白旗，誤以為其已投降，棄城逃往歸仁。范文參便回到嘉定，遭到阮福映的圍攻，但被范文參守住了。 1788年，舊阮阮福映攻嘉定，阮文張駐美湫，對范文參進行夾擊。此戰甚為慘烈，後來由於武性的加入，舊阮獲勝。范文參被打敗，逃往巴薩河（後江），在真臘人的幫助下，等候順風想要逃往歸仁。但舊阮軍隊封鎖了海口，范文參只得投降。不過，他仍接受阮惠的指示，暗中組織舊部，圖謀反抗。此事被阮黃德偵知後，阮福映將其誅殺。 (zh)
- Phạm Văn Tham (范文參, ?–1789) or Phạm Văn Sâm, was a general of Tây Sơn dynasty, Vietnam. Phạm Văn Tham was an elder brother of Phạm Ngạn and Phạm Công Hưng. He also had a sister Phạm Thị Liên, whom was Nguyễn Huệ's wife. Tham joined the Tây Sơn army in early time. He was promoted to Thái bảo ("Grand Protector"), and participated in many battles against Nguyễn lords. He killed and in action, and defeated , . (en)
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