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A permanent under-secretary of state, known informally as a permanent secretary, is the most senior civil servant of a ministry in the United Kingdom, charged with running the department on a day-to-day basis. Similar offices, often employing different terms, exist in many other Westminster-style systems and in some other governments. In the United States, the equivalent position is a Deputy Secretary of an executive department, though British permanent secretaries are career civil servants (whereas Deputy Secretaries are political appointees).

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  • Permanent Secretary ist eine Amtsbezeichnung im britischen . Er ist der höchste Beamte in einem Ministerium und führt dessen administrative Tagesgeschäft. In einigen Ministerien lautet der vollständige Titel Permanent Under-secretary of State (PUS), dieser wird aber selten genutzt. Permanent Secretary sind die nicht-politischen Staatsbeamten, die in der Regel ihre Position mehrere Jahre ausführen. Im Gegensatz zu den politischen Secretaries of State – auch Minister genannt – denen sie unterstellt sind. In Deutschland ist das Amt funktional mit dem Staatssekretär vergleichbar und wurde durch die britische Satire Yes Minister bekannt. (de)
  • A permanent under-secretary of state, known informally as a permanent secretary, is the most senior civil servant of a ministry in the United Kingdom, charged with running the department on a day-to-day basis. Similar offices, often employing different terms, exist in many other Westminster-style systems and in some other governments. In the United States, the equivalent position is a Deputy Secretary of an executive department, though British permanent secretaries are career civil servants (whereas Deputy Secretaries are political appointees). Permanent secretaries are appointed under a scheme in which the prime minister has the final say in the recruitment process; the PM now chooses directly from a list created by the Civil Service Commissioners, rather than only having a veto over the Commissioners' preferred candidate. The first permanent secretary to be appointed in this way was Melanie Dawes in the Department for Communities and Local Government. Some permanent secretaries do not hold the position of permanent secretary, but still hold that grade. The Transparency of Lobbying, Non-Party Campaigning and Trade Union Administration Act 2014 explains that a permanent secretary, for the purposes of section 2 of that Act, is a person serving in government in any of the following positions: Permanent Secretary, Second Permanent Secretary, Cabinet Secretary, Chief Executive of His Majesty's Revenue and Customs, Chief Medical Officer, Director of Public Prosecutions, First Parliamentary Counsel, Government Chief Scientific Adviser, Head of the Civil Service or Prime Minister's Adviser for Europe and Global Issues. (en)
  • Le secrétaire permanent (anglais : Permanent Secretary) est le fonctionnaire supérieur le plus gradé d'un ministère du gouvernement britannique. (fr)
  • Dalam pemerintahan Britania Raya, sekretaris tetap atau permanent secretary adalah pegawai sipil tertinggi yang tidak diangkat secara politik di sebuah kementerian. Sekretaris tetap bertugas menjalankan kementerian tersebut sehari-hari, dan melapor dan memberikan saran ke pada menterinya. Sekretaris ini bersifat tetap walaupun menterinya (yang merupakan jabatan politik) dapat berganti-ganti. (in)
  • イギリス政府の各省における事務次官(じむじかん、Permanent Secretary)は、職業公務員である上級公務員の最高位であり、省の日常業務の運営にあたる。多くの省において、正式名称は「Permanent Under-secretary of State」で、その略記は「PUS」となるが、略記ではない正式名称が使用されることはほとんどない。日本語では「常任書記」と訳されることもある。 事務次官たちは、非政治的な職業公務員の最高位者で、会計官でもあり、場合によっては官庁の最高執行責任者となっており、彼らが指示を仰ぎ、意見を具申する相手である大臣たちが、政治家たちによって代わる代わる務められるのとは対称的に、通常は多年にわたって在職する(このため「常任」を意味する「Permanent」と表現される)。 (ja)
  • 사무차관(事務次官, Permanent Secretary)은 영국의 공무원 직위이다. Permanent Under-secretary of State 또는 PUS라고 한다. 수년간의 임기로 임명된다. 정권 교체와 상관없이 수년간의 임기가 보장되기 때문에 Permanent(영구적인)이란 명칭을 쓴다. 사무차관은 영국 내각을 구성하는 영국 장관들에게 보고하고 감독을 받는다. 영국 장관들은 임기가 보장되지 않고, 총선 결과에 따라, 또는 영국 총리의 해임으로 수시로 교체된다. 의원내각제에서는 행정의 전문성, 일관성, 중립성을 실현하고 정치와 행정을 합리적으로 연결하기 위하여 정무차관과는 별도로 사무차관제도를 두고 있다. 정무차관이 참모적 성격이 강한 데 반하여 사무차관은 계선적(系線的) 성격이 강하다. 장관을 사무적으로 보좌하고 내부사무를 관리하는 차관이며, 일반적으로 직업공무원 출신 중에서 임명된다. 국회의원 중에서 임명되며, 장관을 정치적으로 보좌하는 정무차관(parliamentary under-secretary of state)과 대비된다. 현재 영국 정부에는 38명의 사무차관이 있다. 영국 정보기관의 핵심인 MI5 국장, MI6 국장, GCHQ 본부장이 모두 사무차관이다. 영국 GCHQ 본부장은 영국 외무부 사무차관이지만, 이와 동일한 기관인 미국 NSA 국장은 사성장군이다. (ko)
  • 常务次官(英語:Permanent Under-secretary of State,简称:Permanent Secretary;香港译为常任秘書長,台湾译为常務次長),又譯常務次長、常务秘书,簡稱常次或常秘,是採行政黨政治運作的民主國家中,由資深公務員擔任的副部長級職位。以英国内阁為例,常次由各部門中一至兩名的資深文官出任,並於大臣的領導之下,掌管內閣部門內的實際行政工作。 (zh)
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  • Le secrétaire permanent (anglais : Permanent Secretary) est le fonctionnaire supérieur le plus gradé d'un ministère du gouvernement britannique. (fr)
  • Dalam pemerintahan Britania Raya, sekretaris tetap atau permanent secretary adalah pegawai sipil tertinggi yang tidak diangkat secara politik di sebuah kementerian. Sekretaris tetap bertugas menjalankan kementerian tersebut sehari-hari, dan melapor dan memberikan saran ke pada menterinya. Sekretaris ini bersifat tetap walaupun menterinya (yang merupakan jabatan politik) dapat berganti-ganti. (in)
  • イギリス政府の各省における事務次官(じむじかん、Permanent Secretary)は、職業公務員である上級公務員の最高位であり、省の日常業務の運営にあたる。多くの省において、正式名称は「Permanent Under-secretary of State」で、その略記は「PUS」となるが、略記ではない正式名称が使用されることはほとんどない。日本語では「常任書記」と訳されることもある。 事務次官たちは、非政治的な職業公務員の最高位者で、会計官でもあり、場合によっては官庁の最高執行責任者となっており、彼らが指示を仰ぎ、意見を具申する相手である大臣たちが、政治家たちによって代わる代わる務められるのとは対称的に、通常は多年にわたって在職する(このため「常任」を意味する「Permanent」と表現される)。 (ja)
  • 常务次官(英語:Permanent Under-secretary of State,简称:Permanent Secretary;香港译为常任秘書長,台湾译为常務次長),又譯常務次長、常务秘书,簡稱常次或常秘,是採行政黨政治運作的民主國家中,由資深公務員擔任的副部長級職位。以英国内阁為例,常次由各部門中一至兩名的資深文官出任,並於大臣的領導之下,掌管內閣部門內的實際行政工作。 (zh)
  • Permanent Secretary ist eine Amtsbezeichnung im britischen . Er ist der höchste Beamte in einem Ministerium und führt dessen administrative Tagesgeschäft. In einigen Ministerien lautet der vollständige Titel Permanent Under-secretary of State (PUS), dieser wird aber selten genutzt. Permanent Secretary sind die nicht-politischen Staatsbeamten, die in der Regel ihre Position mehrere Jahre ausführen. Im Gegensatz zu den politischen Secretaries of State – auch Minister genannt – denen sie unterstellt sind. (de)
  • A permanent under-secretary of state, known informally as a permanent secretary, is the most senior civil servant of a ministry in the United Kingdom, charged with running the department on a day-to-day basis. Similar offices, often employing different terms, exist in many other Westminster-style systems and in some other governments. In the United States, the equivalent position is a Deputy Secretary of an executive department, though British permanent secretaries are career civil servants (whereas Deputy Secretaries are political appointees). (en)
  • 사무차관(事務次官, Permanent Secretary)은 영국의 공무원 직위이다. Permanent Under-secretary of State 또는 PUS라고 한다. 수년간의 임기로 임명된다. 정권 교체와 상관없이 수년간의 임기가 보장되기 때문에 Permanent(영구적인)이란 명칭을 쓴다. 사무차관은 영국 내각을 구성하는 영국 장관들에게 보고하고 감독을 받는다. 영국 장관들은 임기가 보장되지 않고, 총선 결과에 따라, 또는 영국 총리의 해임으로 수시로 교체된다. 의원내각제에서는 행정의 전문성, 일관성, 중립성을 실현하고 정치와 행정을 합리적으로 연결하기 위하여 정무차관과는 별도로 사무차관제도를 두고 있다. 정무차관이 참모적 성격이 강한 데 반하여 사무차관은 계선적(系線的) 성격이 강하다. 장관을 사무적으로 보좌하고 내부사무를 관리하는 차관이며, 일반적으로 직업공무원 출신 중에서 임명된다. 국회의원 중에서 임명되며, 장관을 정치적으로 보좌하는 정무차관(parliamentary under-secretary of state)과 대비된다. (ko)
rdfs:label
  • Permanent Secretary (de)
  • Sekretaris tetap (in)
  • Secrétaire permanent (fr)
  • 사무차관 (영국) (ko)
  • 事務次官 (イギリス) (ja)
  • Permanent Secretary (United Kingdom) (en)
  • 常務次官 (zh)
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