Lieutenant-General Nicolaas Nieuwoudt MBChB SSA SD SM (1929–1989) was a South African military commander. A medical doctor, he joined the South African Air Force's medical branch in 1960, after five years private practise. He commanded the South African Medical Service, as Surgeon-General, from 1977 to 1988. He also commanded the secretive South African chemical and biological weapons program, known as Project Coast from 1981 to 1988.