About: Mother coin

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Mother coins (traditional Chinese: 母錢; simplified Chinese: 母钱; pinyin: mǔ qián), alternatively known as seed coins or matrix coins, were coins used during the early stages of the casting process to produce Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Ryukyuan, and Vietnamese cash coins. As cash coins were produced using sand casting mother coins were first produced to form the basis for all subsequent cash coins to be released into circulation. Under the Han dynasty in China mints started producing cash coins using bronze master moulds to solve inconsistencies in circulating coins, this only worked partially and by the sixth century mother coins were introduced to solve these inconsistencies almost completely. The Japanese adopted the usage of mother coins in the 600s and they were used to manufacture cast

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  • Les Monedes mare, conegudes alternativament com a monedes llavor o monedes matriu, eren monedes usades durant les primeres etapes del procés de fosa per produir monedes en efectiu xineses, japoneses, coreanes, ryukeses i vietnamites . Com que les monedes en efectiu es produïen utilitzant emmotllament de sorra, les primeres monedes mare es van produir per formar la base de totes les monedes en efectiu posteriors es posessin en circulació. Sota la dinastia Han a la Xina, les fabriques de monedes van començar a produir monedes en efectiu mitjançant motlles mestres de bronze per resoldre incoherències en les monedes en circulació, això només funcionava parcialment i al segle VI es van introduir monedes mare per resoldre aquestes incoherències gairebé completament. Els japonesos van adoptar l'ús de les monedes mare vora l'any 600 i es van utilitzar per fabricar monedes japoneses foses fins al període Meiji. La moneda mare es preparava inicialment gravant un patró amb la llegenda de la moneda en efectiu que s’havia de fabricar. En el procés de fabricació, s’utilitzaven monedes mare per impressionar el disseny en motlles fabricats amb metalls fàcilment treballables, com l’ estany, i es posaven en un marc rectangular de fusta de perera plena de sorra fina i humida, possiblement barrejada amb argila, i millorat amb carbó vegetal o pols de carbó per permetre que el metall fos fluïra sense problemes, aquest marc funcionaria com una capa que separaria les dues parts dels motlles de monedes. La moneda mare era recuperada i es col·locava damunt del segon marc per repetir el procés esmentat fins que es formaven quinze capes de motlles basades en aquesta moneda mare única. Després de refredar-se, s’extrauria del motlle un "arbre de monedes" (錢 樹), un pal llarg metàl·lic amb les monedes de caixa acabades de fer encunyades en forma de "branques" i aquestes monedes es podrien trencar i, si calia, tenir els forats quadrats netejats amb cincell, després d'això, les monedes es col·locaven sobre una llarga vareta metàl·lica per eliminar simultàniament els talls rugosos de centenars de monedes i llavors aquestes monedes en efectiu es podrien encordar i entrar en circulació. Les monedes d'efectiu Sangpyeong Tongbo (常 平 通寶) es coneixien com yeopjeon (葉 錢, "monedes de fulles") a causa de la forma en què les monedes en efectiu s'assemblaven a les fulles d'una branca quan es llançaven al motlle. La introducció i l'ús posterior de monedes mare en el procés de fosa van resultar ser fonamentals per controlar la qualitat de les monedes en efectiu. Només es mantenien diferències menors entre les monedes mare. Si les monedes mare tingueren el més mínim error, aquest seria visible a totes les monedes en efectiu que se’n produirien, motiu pel qual les monedes mare amb qualsevol imperfecció es retiraven ràpidament del procés de producció abans d’impactar moltes monedes destinades a la circulació. A causa de l'elevat control de qualitat, gairebé mai no es troben monedes mare amb deformitats. (ca)
  • Mother coins (traditional Chinese: 母錢; simplified Chinese: 母钱; pinyin: mǔ qián), alternatively known as seed coins or matrix coins, were coins used during the early stages of the casting process to produce Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Ryukyuan, and Vietnamese cash coins. As cash coins were produced using sand casting mother coins were first produced to form the basis for all subsequent cash coins to be released into circulation. Under the Han dynasty in China mints started producing cash coins using bronze master moulds to solve inconsistencies in circulating coins, this only worked partially and by the sixth century mother coins were introduced to solve these inconsistencies almost completely. The Japanese adopted the usage of mother coins in the 600s and they were used to manufacture cast Japanese coins until the Meiji period. The mother coin was initially prepared by engraving a pattern with the legend of the cash coin which had to be manufactured. In the manufacturing process mother coins were used to impress the design in moulds which were made from easily worked metals such as tin and these moulds were then placed in a rectangular frame made from pear wood filled with fine wet sand, possibly mixed with clay, and enhanced with either charcoal or coal dust to allow for the molten metal to smoothly flow through, this frame would act as a layer that separates the two parts of the coin moulds. The mother coin was recovered by the people who cast the coins and was placed on top of the second frame and the aforementioned process was repeated until fifteen layers of moulds had formed based on this single mother coin. After cooling down a "coin tree" (錢樹) or long metallic stick with the freshly minted cash coins attached in the shape of "branches" would be extracted from the mould and these coins could be broken off and if necessary had their square holes chiseled clean, after this the coins were placed on a long metal rod to simultaneously remove the rough edges for hundreds of coins and then these cash coins could be strung together and enter circulation. The (常平通寶) cash coins were known as yeopjeon (葉錢, "leaf coins") because of the way that cash coins resembled leaves on a branch when they were being cast in the mould. The introduction and subsequent usage of mother coins in the casting process proved to be paramount in controlling the quality of the cash coins. Only minor differences between mother coins remained, as the carver was very skilled. If mother coins had even the slightest error than this error would be visible on every cash coin that would be produced from it, which is why mother coins with any imperfections were quickly withdrawn from the production process before impacting many coins meant for circulation. Due to the high quality control mother coins with deformities are almost never found. (en)
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  • t (en)
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  • diāo mǔ (en)
  • mǔ qián (en)
  • zǔ qián (en)
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  • no (en)
  • yes (en)
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  • 母钱 (en)
  • 祖钱 (en)
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  • 母錢 (en)
  • 祖錢 (en)
  • 雕母 (en)
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  • Les Monedes mare, conegudes alternativament com a monedes llavor o monedes matriu, eren monedes usades durant les primeres etapes del procés de fosa per produir monedes en efectiu xineses, japoneses, coreanes, ryukeses i vietnamites . Com que les monedes en efectiu es produïen utilitzant emmotllament de sorra, les primeres monedes mare es van produir per formar la base de totes les monedes en efectiu posteriors es posessin en circulació. Sota la dinastia Han a la Xina, les fabriques de monedes van començar a produir monedes en efectiu mitjançant motlles mestres de bronze per resoldre incoherències en les monedes en circulació, això només funcionava parcialment i al segle VI es van introduir monedes mare per resoldre aquestes incoherències gairebé completament. Els japonesos van adoptar l'ú (ca)
  • Mother coins (traditional Chinese: 母錢; simplified Chinese: 母钱; pinyin: mǔ qián), alternatively known as seed coins or matrix coins, were coins used during the early stages of the casting process to produce Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Ryukyuan, and Vietnamese cash coins. As cash coins were produced using sand casting mother coins were first produced to form the basis for all subsequent cash coins to be released into circulation. Under the Han dynasty in China mints started producing cash coins using bronze master moulds to solve inconsistencies in circulating coins, this only worked partially and by the sixth century mother coins were introduced to solve these inconsistencies almost completely. The Japanese adopted the usage of mother coins in the 600s and they were used to manufacture cast (en)
rdfs:label
  • Moneda Mare (ca)
  • Mother coin (en)
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