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- The Maitreya teachings or Maitreyanism (Chinese: 弥勒教; pinyin: Mílèjiào; lit. 'Maitreya teachings'), also called Mile teachings, refers to the beliefs related to Maitreya (彌勒 Mílè in Chinese) practiced in China together with Buddhism and Manichaeism, and were developed in different ways both in the Chinese Buddhist schools and in the sect salvationist traditions of the Chinese folk religion. Maitreya was the central deity worshipped by the first folk salvation religions, but in later developments of the sects he was gradually replaced by the Limitless Ancient Mother (無生老母 Wúshēng Lǎomǔ), although Maitreyan eschatology continued to have a place in their doctrines. Folk Buddhist movements that worshipped and awaited Maitreya are recorded at least back to the years between 509 and 515 (6th century). A notorious event was the rebellion led by monk Faqing from Jizhou City, then Northern Wei, in the name of a "new Buddha". Later, Maitreyan beliefs developed conspicuously outside the boundaries of Buddhism. By 715, as testified by an edict, wearing white clothes, that was originally a practice common to lay Buddhist congregations, had become a distinctive feature of Maitreyan sects. (en)
- Le maitreyisme milejiao 彌勒教 est un courant religieux chinois syncrétiste (taoïsme, bouddhisme, manichéisme) apparu au VIe siècle, dont la figure centrale est Maitreya, le bouddha de l’avenir, envisagé comme un sauveur. Il s’efface comme courant indépendant au XIVe siècle mais continue d’exercer une influence sur d’autres courants comme le Lotus blanc. Il se trouva dès son apparition impliqué dans des révoltes contre les autorités et fut donc rapidement mis à l’index, mais perdura néanmoins pendant plusieurs siècles. Les adhérents considéraient l’ermite bouddhiste Fu Dashi 傅大士 (497-569), qui se prétendait un avatar de Maitreya, comme leur ancêtre. Ils étaient souvent encouragés à se vêtir de blanc comme les ascètes bouddhistes laïques. (fr)
- 彌勒教，奉彌勒菩薩為救主的一種民間秘密宗教，源自佛教彌勒信仰而來。漢傳佛教相信兜率天內院的彌勒菩薩日後當會下凡成佛，繼承釋迦如來的救世之責，普渡眾生，因為此預言，彌勒菩薩成為佛教徒被救度的寄託，不斷有人宣稱「彌勒下凡救世」，意圖推翻政府或者起兵造反。 彌勒教推崇南北朝的佛教大師傅大士為創始祖師，實際上彌勒教不斷吸收佛教、道教、摩尼教、羅教等教義，元代以後的白蓮教也接納了許多彌勒教的教義。 (zh)
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- 彌勒教，奉彌勒菩薩為救主的一種民間秘密宗教，源自佛教彌勒信仰而來。漢傳佛教相信兜率天內院的彌勒菩薩日後當會下凡成佛，繼承釋迦如來的救世之責，普渡眾生，因為此預言，彌勒菩薩成為佛教徒被救度的寄託，不斷有人宣稱「彌勒下凡救世」，意圖推翻政府或者起兵造反。 彌勒教推崇南北朝的佛教大師傅大士為創始祖師，實際上彌勒教不斷吸收佛教、道教、摩尼教、羅教等教義，元代以後的白蓮教也接納了許多彌勒教的教義。 (zh)
- The Maitreya teachings or Maitreyanism (Chinese: 弥勒教; pinyin: Mílèjiào; lit. 'Maitreya teachings'), also called Mile teachings, refers to the beliefs related to Maitreya (彌勒 Mílè in Chinese) practiced in China together with Buddhism and Manichaeism, and were developed in different ways both in the Chinese Buddhist schools and in the sect salvationist traditions of the Chinese folk religion. (en)
- Le maitreyisme milejiao 彌勒教 est un courant religieux chinois syncrétiste (taoïsme, bouddhisme, manichéisme) apparu au VIe siècle, dont la figure centrale est Maitreya, le bouddha de l’avenir, envisagé comme un sauveur. Il s’efface comme courant indépendant au XIVe siècle mais continue d’exercer une influence sur d’autres courants comme le Lotus blanc. Il se trouva dès son apparition impliqué dans des révoltes contre les autorités et fut donc rapidement mis à l’index, mais perdura néanmoins pendant plusieurs siècles. (fr)
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- Maitreyisme (fr)
- Maitreya teachings (en)
- 彌勒教 (zh)
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