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The VIC (Video Interface Chip), specifically known as the MOS Technology 6560 (NTSC version) / 6561 (PAL version), is the integrated circuit chip responsible for generating video graphics and sound in the VIC-20 home computer from Commodore. It was originally designed for applications such as low cost CRT terminals, biomedical monitors, control system displays and arcade or home video game consoles. Its features include:

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  • Der VIC (Video Interface Controller), technische Bezeichnung MOS Technology 6560 (NTSC-Version) bzw. 6561 (PAL-Version), ist ein Computer-Chip zur Bild- und Tonausgabe auf einem Fernseher oder einem Video-Monitor. Ursprünglich wurde er für günstige Computer-Terminals und Videospiele entwickelt, kam aber hauptsächlich im Heimcomputer Commodore VC 20 zum Einsatz. Häufig werden auch seine Nachfolger VIC II, VIC IIE und VIC III, die im C64, C128 und im nur in Vorserie (≈200–1000 Stück) gebauten C65 zum Einsatz kamen, als VIC bezeichnet. (de)
  • Το VIC (Video Interface Chip), τεχνική ονομασία MOS Technology 6560 (εκδοχή NTSC) / 6561 (εκδοχή PAL), είναι ένα τσιπ παραγωγής εικόνας και ήχου σε τηλεόραση η οθόνη υπολογιστή. (el)
  • El VIC (Video Interface Chip) (Chip de Interfaz de Video), específicamente conocido como el MOS Technology 6560 (versión NTSC)/6561 (PAL), es el circuito integrado responsable de generar gráficos de video y sonido en la computadora doméstica Commodore VIC-20. Originalmente fue diseñado para aplicaciones tales como terminales CRT de bajo costo, monitores biomédicos, pantallas de sistemas de control y arcades o consolas de videojuegos. El chip fue diseñado por en 1977, pero Commodore no pudo encontrar un mercado para el chip. En 1979, MOS Technology comenzó a trabajar en un llamado MOS Technology 6564 destinado a la computadora TOI y también había trabajado en otro chip, el MOS 6562, destinado a una versión en color del Commodore PET. Ambos chips fallaron debido a limitaciones de tiempo de memoria (ambos requerían una memoria SRAM muy rápida y, por lo tanto, costosa, lo que los hacía inadecuados para la producción en masa). Antes de comenzar finalmente a usar el VIC en el VIC-20, el diseñador de chips introdujo características del 6562 (un mejor generador de sonido) y del 6564 (más colores) al 6560, así que antes de que el VIC-20 entrara a producirse en masa, había sido revisado a fondo. (es)
  • The VIC (Video Interface Chip), specifically known as the MOS Technology 6560 (NTSC version) / 6561 (PAL version), is the integrated circuit chip responsible for generating video graphics and sound in the VIC-20 home computer from Commodore. It was originally designed for applications such as low cost CRT terminals, biomedical monitors, control system displays and arcade or home video game consoles. The chip was designed by Al Charpentier in 1977 but Commodore could not find a market for the chip. In 1979 MOS Technology began work on a video chip named MOS Technology 6564 intended for the TOI computer and had also made some work on another chip, MOS 6562 intended for a color version of the Commodore PET. Both of these chips failed due to memory timing constraints (both required very fast and thus expensive SRAM, making them unsuitable for mass production). Before finally starting to use the VIC in the VIC-20, chip designer Robert Yannes fed features from the 6562 (a better sound generator) and 6564 (more colors) back to the 6560, so before beginning mass production for the VIC-20 it had been thoroughly revised. Its features include: * 16 kB address space for screen, character and color memory (only 5 kB points to RAM on the VIC-20 without a hardware modification) * 16 colors (the upper 8 can only be used in the global background and auxiliary colors) * two selectable character sizes (8×8 or 8×16 bits; the pixel width is 1 bit for "hires" characters and 2 bits for "multicolor" characters) * maximum video resolution depends on the television system (176 × 184 is the standard for the VIC-20 firmware, although up to 248 × 232p/464i is possible on the NTSC machine and up to 256 × 280 is possible on the PAL machine) * 4 channel sound system (3 square wave + "white" noise + global volume setting) * on-chip DMA * two 8-bit analog-to-digital converter * light pen support Unlike many other video circuits of the era, it does not offer dynamic RAM refresh capabilities. Thus the VIC-20 employed the more expensive static RAM (SRAM) chips. This is likely the reason why the machine was sold with just 5 KB of RAM. Memory expansions for the VIC-20 either used SRAM as well or implemented their own refresh circuit. The VIC was programmed by manipulating its 16 control registers, memory mapped to the memory address range $9000–$900F in the VIC-20 address space. The on-chip A/D converters were used for dual paddle position readings by the VIC-20, which also used the VIC's light pen facility. The VIC preceded the much more advanced VIC-II, used by the VIC-20's successors, the C64 and C128. VIC-20s with expansion RAM have their video memory (550 bytes) at $1000 and when it is not present, $1E00. User-defined character sets must be placed within the first 5k of system RAM. The default PETSCII character ROM is at $8000 and each character takes 8 bytes to store. Up to 128 characters may be used at any one time. While the PET had a backslash (\) in its character set, this was replaced on the VIC-20 (and all subsequent Commodore machines) with a British pound sign (£). Programmable characters are the only way of creating graphics and animation on the VIC as the chip does not have sprites or an all-points-addressable bitmap mode. Of the 16 colors in the palette, eight may be used for the foreground (per the color RAM at $9400) and border while the others are limited to the background and auxiliary multicolors. The MSB of the color RAM is a flag used to indicate if that character is multicolor or high resolution. Due to the extreme blockiness of the former, most VIC-20 games use hires characters. The VIC does not support scrolling or raster interrupts like on the VIC-II, but the scanline counters could be polled for a specific point on the screen to produce raster effects. This feature was rarely used in games except for a few titles like Imagic's Demon Attack. Sound programming on the VIC is done by placing a frequency value in one of the four registers at $900A-$900D (they are turned off by writing a zero to them). The first three are square wave generators pitched half an octave from each other and the fourth is for white noise. (en)
  • Il MOS VIC è il microprocessore responsabile della generazione del suono e della grafica degli home computer Commodore VIC-20. Prodotto nei modelli MOS 6560 (versione NTSC) o MOS 6561 (versione PAL), fu originariamente progettato per essere impiegato in dispositivi quali terminali CRT a basso costo, monitor biomedicali, display di sistemi di controllo, videogiochi arcade e console giochi. (it)
  • MOS Technology VIC (skr. Video Interface Chip) – układ scalony odpowiedzialny za realizowanie funkcji dźwięku i obrazu w komputerze domowym Commodore VIC-20. Dokładne oznaczenia to MOS Technology 6560 (dla wersji NTSC) oraz 6561 (dla wersji PAL). VIC zaprojektowany został w 1977 przez Ala Charpentiera jako niskobudżetowy układ do terminali CRT, automatów do gry oraz konsoli gier wideo. Początkowo firma Commodore miała problemy ze znalezieniem rynku zbytu dla tego komponentu. W 1979 MOS Technology rozpoczęło pracę nad komputerowymi chipami wideo oznaczonymi jako MOS 6564 i 6562, z których ten ostatni wykorzystany został w jednej z wersji modelu Commodore PET. Przed finalnym wprowadzeniem układu VIC do komputera VIC-20, projektant Robert Yannes zaadaptował do niego ulepszenia w generowaniu dźwięku i obrazu z chipów 6564 i 6562. Do programowania i sterowania układem wykorzystywane było 16 rejestrów. Pamięć adresową stanowił obszar z przedziału $9000–$900F. Wbudowane przetworniki analogowo-cyfrowe umożliwiały obsługę kontrolera paddle oraz pióra świetlnego. (pl)
  • VIC (Video Interface Chip), egentligen MOS Technology 6561 (NTSC-baserad variant 6560) är ett integrerat chip som skapar grafiken och ljudet hos datorn Commodore VIC-20. Den skapades ursprungligen för att vara en billig komponent till datorterminaler, monitorer för biomedicin, kontrollsystem och arkadspel och spelkonsoler. (sv)
  • VIC (Video Interface Chip), также MOS Technology 6560 и 6561 —- электронный компонент, микросхема видеоконтроллера и звукогенератора, разработанная компанией MOS Technology. Изначально предназначалась для использования в бюджетных компьютерных видеотерминалах, специализированных устройствах, домашних компьютерах и игровых автоматах. Использовалась в домашнем компьютере Commodore VIC-20, отвечая за генерацию изображения и звука. (ru)
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  • Der VIC (Video Interface Controller), technische Bezeichnung MOS Technology 6560 (NTSC-Version) bzw. 6561 (PAL-Version), ist ein Computer-Chip zur Bild- und Tonausgabe auf einem Fernseher oder einem Video-Monitor. Ursprünglich wurde er für günstige Computer-Terminals und Videospiele entwickelt, kam aber hauptsächlich im Heimcomputer Commodore VC 20 zum Einsatz. Häufig werden auch seine Nachfolger VIC II, VIC IIE und VIC III, die im C64, C128 und im nur in Vorserie (≈200–1000 Stück) gebauten C65 zum Einsatz kamen, als VIC bezeichnet. (de)
  • Το VIC (Video Interface Chip), τεχνική ονομασία MOS Technology 6560 (εκδοχή NTSC) / 6561 (εκδοχή PAL), είναι ένα τσιπ παραγωγής εικόνας και ήχου σε τηλεόραση η οθόνη υπολογιστή. (el)
  • Il MOS VIC è il microprocessore responsabile della generazione del suono e della grafica degli home computer Commodore VIC-20. Prodotto nei modelli MOS 6560 (versione NTSC) o MOS 6561 (versione PAL), fu originariamente progettato per essere impiegato in dispositivi quali terminali CRT a basso costo, monitor biomedicali, display di sistemi di controllo, videogiochi arcade e console giochi. (it)
  • VIC (Video Interface Chip), egentligen MOS Technology 6561 (NTSC-baserad variant 6560) är ett integrerat chip som skapar grafiken och ljudet hos datorn Commodore VIC-20. Den skapades ursprungligen för att vara en billig komponent till datorterminaler, monitorer för biomedicin, kontrollsystem och arkadspel och spelkonsoler. (sv)
  • VIC (Video Interface Chip), также MOS Technology 6560 и 6561 —- электронный компонент, микросхема видеоконтроллера и звукогенератора, разработанная компанией MOS Technology. Изначально предназначалась для использования в бюджетных компьютерных видеотерминалах, специализированных устройствах, домашних компьютерах и игровых автоматах. Использовалась в домашнем компьютере Commodore VIC-20, отвечая за генерацию изображения и звука. (ru)
  • El VIC (Video Interface Chip) (Chip de Interfaz de Video), específicamente conocido como el MOS Technology 6560 (versión NTSC)/6561 (PAL), es el circuito integrado responsable de generar gráficos de video y sonido en la computadora doméstica Commodore VIC-20. Originalmente fue diseñado para aplicaciones tales como terminales CRT de bajo costo, monitores biomédicos, pantallas de sistemas de control y arcades o consolas de videojuegos. (es)
  • The VIC (Video Interface Chip), specifically known as the MOS Technology 6560 (NTSC version) / 6561 (PAL version), is the integrated circuit chip responsible for generating video graphics and sound in the VIC-20 home computer from Commodore. It was originally designed for applications such as low cost CRT terminals, biomedical monitors, control system displays and arcade or home video game consoles. Its features include: (en)
  • MOS Technology VIC (skr. Video Interface Chip) – układ scalony odpowiedzialny za realizowanie funkcji dźwięku i obrazu w komputerze domowym Commodore VIC-20. Dokładne oznaczenia to MOS Technology 6560 (dla wersji NTSC) oraz 6561 (dla wersji PAL). Do programowania i sterowania układem wykorzystywane było 16 rejestrów. Pamięć adresową stanowił obszar z przedziału $9000–$900F. Wbudowane przetworniki analogowo-cyfrowe umożliwiały obsługę kontrolera paddle oraz pióra świetlnego. (pl)
rdfs:label
  • MOS Technology VIC (de)
  • MOS Technology VIC (el)
  • MOS Technology VIC (es)
  • MOS VIC (it)
  • MOS Technology VIC (en)
  • MOS Technology VIC (pl)
  • MOS Technology VIC (ru)
  • MOS Technology VIC (sv)
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