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- A layback spin is a variation of the upright spin, a spin in figure skating. British figure skater Cecilia Colledge was "responsible for the invention" of the spin and the first to execute it. Colledge's coach, Jacques Gerschwiler, who was a former gymnastics teacher and according to Colledge "very progressive in his ideas", got the idea for the upright spin while watching one of Colledge's trainers, a former circus performer turned acrobatics instructor, train Colledge to perform backbends "by means of a rope tied around her waist". The upright spin has long been associated with women's skating, but men have also performed it. Skaters include it in their programs because it increases their technical content and fulfills choreographic needs. The layback spin is executed by holding the free leg in a back attitude position and arching the head and upper body backward so that the skater faces up towards the sky, ceiling, or further. The free leg position is optional. A variation of the layback spin is the Biellmann spin, made popular by world champion Denise Biellmann, which the International Skating Union (ISU), the organization that governs figure skating, considers a difficult variation of the layback spin. It is executed by the skater grabbing their free blade and pulling the heel of their boot behind and above the level of the head so that their legs are in an approximate full split, with the head and back arched upward. The spin "requires much strength and extreme flexibility". Other difficult variations of the layback spin are the full layback (the upper body is arched sideways with the upper body bent to the side from the waist towards the ice or arched back from the waist towards the ice) and when the skater's upper body is arched sideways or arched back, with their free leg almost touching their head in a full circle. In ice dance, difficult variations of the layback spin include a split, with both legs straight and the boot of one partner's free leg held up higher than their head (which can be supported by their partner) and leaning away from the other partner, with the axis to their upper back to the knee over 45 degrees. (en)
- 레이백 스핀은 머리와 어깨가 뒤로 떨어지고 다시 얼음판을 향해 아래쪽으로 회전하는 수직 피겨 스케이팅 스핀이다.흔하지만 매우 어려운 유형이 비엘만 스핀이다. (ko)
- Заклон (англ. Layback spin) — элемент в фигурном катании, являющийся особой разновидностью вращений. Вращение выполняется с сильным глубоким прогибом тела назад или в сторону и откинутой назад головой, свободная нога «вывернута» наружу и вынесена назад. При этом руки могут находиться в различных положениях. Различают множество различных вариаций заклонов. Среди заклонов встречаются пируэты с захватом конька. Возможен вариант заклона, когда торс фигуриста отклоняется не назад, а в сторону. Придумала и впервые начала исполнять на соревнованиях заклон англичанка Сесилия Колледж. В настоящее время заклон является обязательным элементом короткой программы у женщин. (ru)
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- 레이백 스핀은 머리와 어깨가 뒤로 떨어지고 다시 얼음판을 향해 아래쪽으로 회전하는 수직 피겨 스케이팅 스핀이다.흔하지만 매우 어려운 유형이 비엘만 스핀이다. (ko)
- A layback spin is a variation of the upright spin, a spin in figure skating. British figure skater Cecilia Colledge was "responsible for the invention" of the spin and the first to execute it. Colledge's coach, Jacques Gerschwiler, who was a former gymnastics teacher and according to Colledge "very progressive in his ideas", got the idea for the upright spin while watching one of Colledge's trainers, a former circus performer turned acrobatics instructor, train Colledge to perform backbends "by means of a rope tied around her waist". The upright spin has long been associated with women's skating, but men have also performed it. Skaters include it in their programs because it increases their technical content and fulfills choreographic needs. (en)
- Заклон (англ. Layback spin) — элемент в фигурном катании, являющийся особой разновидностью вращений. Вращение выполняется с сильным глубоким прогибом тела назад или в сторону и откинутой назад головой, свободная нога «вывернута» наружу и вынесена назад. При этом руки могут находиться в различных положениях. Различают множество различных вариаций заклонов. Среди заклонов встречаются пируэты с захватом конька. Возможен вариант заклона, когда торс фигуриста отклоняется не назад, а в сторону. Придумала и впервые начала исполнять на соревнованиях заклон англичанка Сесилия Колледж. (ru)
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- Layback spin (en)
- 레이백 스핀 (ko)
- Заклон (вращение) (ru)
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