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- Jean Dard (June 21, 1789 — October 1, 1833) was a French teacher in Saint-Louis, Senegal who, in 1817, opened the first French-language school in Africa. He also compiled the first French-Wolof dictionary and grammar (1846). Dard developed a new approach for teaching French as a foreign language, the "mutual method" or méthode de traduction (translation method), based on a learning approach pioneered by Aloïsius Édouard Camille Gaultier, by which children were taught to read and write in their native Wolof and then learned French by translating. According to Jean-Benoît Nadeau and Julie Barlow, Dard's method was "very modern and very effective, and Dard was said to have achieved remarkable results with it." In Senegal, Dard took a signare by whom he had a son. He then returned to France for reasons of health and married Charlotte-Adélaïde Picard—an eyewitness of the wreck of the Méduse—by whom he had three additional children. Dard served as a teacher and town secretary in Bligny-lès-Beaune. The Dards returned to Senegal in 1832, but he died there a year later. (en)
- Jean Dard est un instituteur français (né le 21 juin 1789 à Maconge (Côte-d'Or) et mort le 1er octobre 1833 à Saint-Louis du Sénégal. Il a ouvert la première école d’Afrique noire francophone, à Saint-Louis, au Sénégal, en 1817. Il est l'auteur du premier dictionnaire de français-wolof, ainsi que d'une grammaire de wolof. (fr)
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- Jean Dard est un instituteur français (né le 21 juin 1789 à Maconge (Côte-d'Or) et mort le 1er octobre 1833 à Saint-Louis du Sénégal. Il a ouvert la première école d’Afrique noire francophone, à Saint-Louis, au Sénégal, en 1817. Il est l'auteur du premier dictionnaire de français-wolof, ainsi que d'une grammaire de wolof. (fr)
- Jean Dard (June 21, 1789 — October 1, 1833) was a French teacher in Saint-Louis, Senegal who, in 1817, opened the first French-language school in Africa. He also compiled the first French-Wolof dictionary and grammar (1846). In Senegal, Dard took a signare by whom he had a son. He then returned to France for reasons of health and married Charlotte-Adélaïde Picard—an eyewitness of the wreck of the Méduse—by whom he had three additional children. Dard served as a teacher and town secretary in Bligny-lès-Beaune. The Dards returned to Senegal in 1832, but he died there a year later. (en)
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- Jean Dard (fr)
- Jean Dard (en)
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