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- An expanded genetic code is an artificially modified genetic code in which one or more specific codons have been re-allocated to encode an amino acid that is not among the 22 common naturally-encoded proteinogenic amino acids. The key prerequisites to expand the genetic code are:
* the non-standard amino acid to encode,
* an unused codon to adopt,
* a tRNA that recognises this codon, and
* a tRNA synthetase that recognises only that tRNA and only the non-standard amino acid. Expanding the genetic code is an area of research of synthetic biology, an applied biological discipline whose goal is to engineer living systems for useful purposes. The genetic code expansion enriches the repertoire of useful tools available to science. In May 2019, researchers, in a milestone effort, reported the creation of a new synthetic (possibly artificial) form of viable life, a variant of the bacteria Escherichia coli, by reducing the natural number of 64 codons in the bacterial genome to 61 codons (eliminating two out of the six codons coding for serine and one out of three stop codons) - of which 59 used to encode 20 amino acids. (en)
- Een uitgebreide genetische code is een kunstmatig aangepaste genetische code waarin één of meer specifieke codons gebruikt worden als code voor een aminozuur dat niet tot de 22 gecodeerde proteïnogene aminozuren behoort. Niet-Standaard-Aminozuren worden vaak met de uit het Engels afgeleide afkorting NSAA aangeduid: Non Standard AminoAcid. (nl)
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- Een uitgebreide genetische code is een kunstmatig aangepaste genetische code waarin één of meer specifieke codons gebruikt worden als code voor een aminozuur dat niet tot de 22 gecodeerde proteïnogene aminozuren behoort. Niet-Standaard-Aminozuren worden vaak met de uit het Engels afgeleide afkorting NSAA aangeduid: Non Standard AminoAcid. (nl)
- An expanded genetic code is an artificially modified genetic code in which one or more specific codons have been re-allocated to encode an amino acid that is not among the 22 common naturally-encoded proteinogenic amino acids. The key prerequisites to expand the genetic code are:
* the non-standard amino acid to encode,
* an unused codon to adopt,
* a tRNA that recognises this codon, and
* a tRNA synthetase that recognises only that tRNA and only the non-standard amino acid. (en)
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- Expanded genetic code (en)
- Uitgebreide genetische code (nl)
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