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- The Draft Eisenhower movement was a widespread political movement that eventually persuaded Dwight D. Eisenhower, former Chief of Staff of the United States Army, to contest the presidency of the United States. During the 1948 presidential election, despite being asked repeatedly by various organizations and politicians, including former president Franklin D. Roosevelt's son James, Eisenhower rejected all requests to enter politics. Even after his refusal, Democratic state organizations in Georgia and Virginia openly endorsed him. A week before the 1948 Democratic National Convention, Roosevelt sent telegrams to all 1,592 delegates voting for the party nomination, asking them to arrive in Philadelphia two days early for a special Draft Eisenhower caucus attempting to make a strong joint appeal to Eisenhower. Despite attempts by several prominent Democratic politicians, Eisenhower refused to accept the nomination, which went to incumbent President Harry S. Truman. Amid Truman's low popularity, the Draft Eisenhower movement re-emerged in 1951 in both the Republican and Democratic parties, as Eisenhower had not yet announced any political party affiliation. Several Republican politicians endorsed him, while Democrats continued to assure him that he could win the presidency only as a Democrat. Republican senator Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. became the campaign manager for the Republican Draft Eisenhower movement and placed Eisenhower's name on the New Hampshire Republican primary ballot. Eisenhower agreed to contest the presidency and subsequently won the New Hampshire primary. Nominated by the Republican Party as their presidential candidate, Eisenhower defeated Democrat Adlai Stevenson to become the 34th president. The Draft Eisenhower movement has been referenced in later draft movements, including the 1992 Draft Perot movement and the 2008 Draft Condi movement. (en)
- 20世纪40年代末和50年代初，美国发生持续时间长、波及范围广的选派艾森豪威尔运动，旨在说服前美国陆军参谋长德怀特·艾森豪威尔竞选美国总统。 1948年总统大选期间，前总统富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福之子等众多政治家和组织纷纷邀请艾森豪威尔从政，他一直没有同意，然而乔治亚州、弗吉尼亚州民主党组织仍公开表态支持。前一周，詹姆斯·罗斯福向全部1592名代表发电报，要求他们提前两天赶到費城参加选派艾森豪威尔党团特别会议，打算合众人之力形成呼吁艾森豪威尔参选的强大声势。面对众多民主党政要热切劝说，艾森豪威尔仍拒绝接受提名。 哈里·S·杜鲁门总统名望低落，选派艾森豪威尔运动1951年在共和、民主两党兴起，毕竟当事人此时尚未宣布加入任何政党。共和党政要纷纷表态支持，另一边赌咒发誓只有加入民主党才能当总统。共和党联邦参议员小亨利·卡伯特·洛奇是该党选派艾森豪威尔运动的竞选经理，将艾森豪威尔之名加入新罕布什尔州共和党初选投票。将军同意参选并赢得新罕布什尔州初选，接下来获共和党提名，在普选战胜民主党候选人阿德萊·史蒂文森二世当上第34任美国总统。选派艾森豪威尔运动对后世同类运动影响深远，如1992年选派佩罗运动和2008年。 (zh)
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