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- De novo gene birth is the process by which new genes evolve from DNA sequences that were ancestrally non-genic. De novo genes represent a subset of novel genes, and may be protein-coding or instead act as RNA genes. The processes that govern de novo gene birth are not well understood, although several models exist that describe possible mechanisms by which de novo gene birth may occur. Although de novo gene birth may have occurred at any point in an organism's evolutionary history, ancient de novo gene birth events are difficult to detect. Most studies of de novo genes to date have thus focused on young genes, typically taxonomically restricted genes (TRGs) that are present in a single species or lineage, including so-called orphan genes, defined as genes that lack any identifiable homolog. It is important to note, however, that not all orphan genes arise de novo, and instead may emerge through fairly well characterized mechanisms such as gene duplication (including retroposition) or horizontal gene transfer followed by sequence divergence, or by gene fission/fusion. Although de novo gene birth was once viewed as a highly unlikely occurrence, several unequivocal examples have now been described, and some researchers speculate that de novo gene birth could play a major role in evolutionary innovation. (en)
- Un gène de novo est un gène nouveau qui ne provient pas de gènes préexistants mais de l'ADN non codant. Son apparition se produit chez un individu, pas dans l'espèce entière ; il se répand ensuite sous l'effet de la sélection naturelle ou de la dérive génétique, et s'améliore sous la pression sélective. Inconnus jusqu'en 2006, les gènes de novo pourraient constituer quelques dizaines de pour cent des gènes de nombreuses espèces. (fr)
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- Un gène de novo est un gène nouveau qui ne provient pas de gènes préexistants mais de l'ADN non codant. Son apparition se produit chez un individu, pas dans l'espèce entière ; il se répand ensuite sous l'effet de la sélection naturelle ou de la dérive génétique, et s'améliore sous la pression sélective. Inconnus jusqu'en 2006, les gènes de novo pourraient constituer quelques dizaines de pour cent des gènes de nombreuses espèces. (fr)
- De novo gene birth is the process by which new genes evolve from DNA sequences that were ancestrally non-genic. De novo genes represent a subset of novel genes, and may be protein-coding or instead act as RNA genes. The processes that govern de novo gene birth are not well understood, although several models exist that describe possible mechanisms by which de novo gene birth may occur. (en)
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- De novo gene birth (en)
- Gène de novo (fr)
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