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- Charles Darwin's views on women were based on his view of natural selection. Darwin believed that the difference between males and females were partly due to "sexual selection". Darwin's theory of sexual selection, which can be found in his book The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, states that women, and some men, will choose to mate with someone that is most suitable to culture. This proposition of sexual selection readily tied into his theory of natural selection in the way that evolution will have different outcomes depending on the traits of the suitor the females chooses to reproduce with. This also supports his principle of "survival of the fittest" in the human species. Darwin concludes in his book, The Descent of Man, saying that men attain "a higher eminence, in whatever he takes up, than can women—whether requiring deep thought, reason, or imagination, or merely the use of the senses and hands."More research has been centered around letters that Darwin wrote and exchanged with about 150 women in his lifetime which includes both women close to him and women from other places in the world. The letters show private thoughts and actions which are different to the gender ideology held by common middle-class Victorians. The letters show that in private Darwin relied on various women for some of his work including his daughter Henrietta who helped in editing The Descent of Man. Darwin also helped many of these women progress their scientific careers. He wrote to Eleanor Mary Dicey in 1877 about his concern that some women might not want to study psychology only because they are women.There is also evidence of Darwin's correspondence with women of that time who challenged the gender ideology such as Florence Dixie, a traveler, writer and hunter who endorsed equality in marriage. She also wrote a book which created the fantasy of a world where men and women were equals. (en)
- Les opinions de Charles Darwin sur les femmes sont exposées principalement dans son livre La Filiation de l'homme et la sélection liée au sexe ; les recherches récentes sur ce thème prennent aussi en compte la correspondance de l'auteur. Les spécialistes sont divisés dans leurs appréciations relatives aux positions du naturaliste anglais : pour certains, l'idée d'une infériorité naturelle de la femme exposée dans l'œuvre de Charles Darwin relève d'une vision sexiste des différences entre les sexes ; pour d'autres, Darwin en affirmant que cette infériorité des femmes est le résultat d'un processus évolutif, qui n'avait rien d'inévitable, a ouvert la voie à un nouveau discours féministe fondé sur un anti-essentialisme biologique. (fr)
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- Les opinions de Charles Darwin sur les femmes sont exposées principalement dans son livre La Filiation de l'homme et la sélection liée au sexe ; les recherches récentes sur ce thème prennent aussi en compte la correspondance de l'auteur. Les spécialistes sont divisés dans leurs appréciations relatives aux positions du naturaliste anglais : pour certains, l'idée d'une infériorité naturelle de la femme exposée dans l'œuvre de Charles Darwin relève d'une vision sexiste des différences entre les sexes ; pour d'autres, Darwin en affirmant que cette infériorité des femmes est le résultat d'un processus évolutif, qui n'avait rien d'inévitable, a ouvert la voie à un nouveau discours féministe fondé sur un anti-essentialisme biologique. (fr)
- Charles Darwin's views on women were based on his view of natural selection. Darwin believed that the difference between males and females were partly due to "sexual selection". Darwin's theory of sexual selection, which can be found in his book The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, states that women, and some men, will choose to mate with someone that is most suitable to culture. This proposition of sexual selection readily tied into his theory of natural selection in the way that evolution will have different outcomes depending on the traits of the suitor the females chooses to reproduce with. This also supports his principle of "survival of the fittest" in the human species. (en)
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- Darwin and women (en)
- Opinions de Darwin sur les femmes (fr)
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