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- Das Grenzgängerproblem im Berliner Raum ergab sich zu Beginn der Teilung Berlins in den Jahren 1948/49. Es resultierte aus den Zugehörigkeiten der Stadthälften zu unterschiedlichen Währungsgebieten einerseits und der historisch gewachsenen ungleichen Verteilung von Wohn- und Industriegegenden innerhalb der Stadt und im Umland mit entsprechenden Pendlerströmen andererseits. Die in Ost-Berlin regierende SED verleugnete in ihrer Propaganda den Gesamtberliner Charakter des Grenzgängerproblems und benutzte seine einseitige Darstellung zur Rechtfertigung der Berliner Mauer im August 1961. (de)
- The problem with cross-border commuters (German, Grenzgänger) in the Berlin area was a result of the political separation of East- and West Berlin in the years of 1948 and 1949. It resulted from the affiliations of the municipalities to two different currencies; East Berlin districts would use the East German mark (Mark der DDR), and West Berlin districts would use the German mark (DM). Another cause was the difference is residential and industrial areas throughout Berlin, with the western districts being more prosperous. The Socialist Unity Party (SED), which governed East Berlin, used the matter of cross-border commuters in its propaganda, citing them as a problem, which helped them to justify the construction of the Berlin Wall, starting in August 1961. (en)
- 1948/1949년 베를린 분단이 시작되면서 베를린 광역권의 통근 문제가 발생했다. 베를린이 둘로 나뉘면서 사용하는 통화가 서로 갈라졌고, 역사적으로 도시가 성장하면서 주거 및 산업 지구가 도시 및 광역권의 다른 곳에 분포하게 되었고, 분단 이후 동서베를린간 국경을 넘는 통근객이 이에 따라서 생기게 되었다. 당시 동베를린을 지배했던 사회주의통일당에서는 국경간 통근객이 전체 베를린의 문제였다는 점을 부인했고 1961년 8월 베를린 장벽 설립을 정당화하기 위해서 왜곡하여 선전했다. (ko)
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- Das Grenzgängerproblem im Berliner Raum ergab sich zu Beginn der Teilung Berlins in den Jahren 1948/49. Es resultierte aus den Zugehörigkeiten der Stadthälften zu unterschiedlichen Währungsgebieten einerseits und der historisch gewachsenen ungleichen Verteilung von Wohn- und Industriegegenden innerhalb der Stadt und im Umland mit entsprechenden Pendlerströmen andererseits. Die in Ost-Berlin regierende SED verleugnete in ihrer Propaganda den Gesamtberliner Charakter des Grenzgängerproblems und benutzte seine einseitige Darstellung zur Rechtfertigung der Berliner Mauer im August 1961. (de)
- The problem with cross-border commuters (German, Grenzgänger) in the Berlin area was a result of the political separation of East- and West Berlin in the years of 1948 and 1949. It resulted from the affiliations of the municipalities to two different currencies; East Berlin districts would use the East German mark (Mark der DDR), and West Berlin districts would use the German mark (DM). Another cause was the difference is residential and industrial areas throughout Berlin, with the western districts being more prosperous. The Socialist Unity Party (SED), which governed East Berlin, used the matter of cross-border commuters in its propaganda, citing them as a problem, which helped them to justify the construction of the Berlin Wall, starting in August 1961. (en)
- 1948/1949년 베를린 분단이 시작되면서 베를린 광역권의 통근 문제가 발생했다. 베를린이 둘로 나뉘면서 사용하는 통화가 서로 갈라졌고, 역사적으로 도시가 성장하면서 주거 및 산업 지구가 도시 및 광역권의 다른 곳에 분포하게 되었고, 분단 이후 동서베를린간 국경을 넘는 통근객이 이에 따라서 생기게 되었다. 당시 동베를린을 지배했던 사회주의통일당에서는 국경간 통근객이 전체 베를린의 문제였다는 점을 부인했고 1961년 8월 베를린 장벽 설립을 정당화하기 위해서 왜곡하여 선전했다. (ko)
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- Grenzgänger im Raum Berlin 1948–1961 (de)
- Cross border commuters in the Berlin area 1948–1961 (en)
- 1948년–1961년 베를린 광역권 통근 문제 (ko)
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