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This article describes the development of agriculture in East Germany, both the Soviet occupation zone of Germany as well as the German Democratic Republic (GDR) between the years 1945 and 1990. The agricultural policy in the GDR occurred in three phases. The first of which was the so-called Bodenreform ("land reform"), where around 40% of the land used for cultivation was expropriated and redistributed without compensation. In 1952 the second phase of collectivization coincided with the abolition of privately owned and run farms. As early as the 1960s the third phase of specialization and industrialization began, in which the GDR leadership tried unsuccessfully to demonstrate the superiority of socialism through forced collectivization and economic structures which originated in oppositio

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  • This article describes the development of agriculture in East Germany, both the Soviet occupation zone of Germany as well as the German Democratic Republic (GDR) between the years 1945 and 1990. The agricultural policy in the GDR occurred in three phases. The first of which was the so-called Bodenreform ("land reform"), where around 40% of the land used for cultivation was expropriated and redistributed without compensation. In 1952 the second phase of collectivization coincided with the abolition of privately owned and run farms. As early as the 1960s the third phase of specialization and industrialization began, in which the GDR leadership tried unsuccessfully to demonstrate the superiority of socialism through forced collectivization and economic structures which originated in opposition of the so-called capitalist foreign countries. During the 1970s and early 1980s, the trend in East German agriculture was toward larger units; some crop-producing collectives and state-owned farms combined to create Agricultural Cooperatives holding up to 4,000 or 5,000 hectares. These agribusinesses, known as Cooperative Departments of Crop Production ("Kooperative Abteilung Pflanzenproduktion" – KAP ), which included food-processing establishments, became the dominant form of agricultural enterprise in crop production. In the early 1980s, specialization also increased to include livestock production. In 1985, East German agriculture employed 10.8 percent of the labor force, received 7.4 percent of gross capital investments, and contributed 8.1 percent to the country's net product. Farms were usually organized either in state-owned farms ("Volkseigenes Gut") or collective farms ("Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaften"). (en)
  • Die Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft in der DDR begann schon mit der Errichtung der SBZ 1945 und endete mit der DDR 1990. Die Landwirtschaftspolitik der DDR (ab 1949) lässt sich in drei Entwicklungsphasen einteilen. Zuerst wurden in der sogenannten Bodenreform etwa 40 Prozent der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzfläche entschädigungslos enteignet und neu verteilt. Ab 1952 begann in einer zweiten Phase die Kollektivierung mit der gleichzeitigen Abschaffung inhabergeführter landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe. Schon in den 1960er Jahren begann eine dritte Phase der Spezialisierung und „Industrialisierung“, in der die DDR-Führung erfolglos versuchte, mit den durch die Zwangskollektivierung entstandenen Strukturen ökonomisch gegenüber dem sogenannten kapitalistischen Ausland die Überlegenheit des Sozialismus zu demonstrieren. Daneben vollzogen sich über 40 Jahre der technische Wandel und die soziale Veränderung der Agrarbevölkerung. (de)
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  • Die Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft in der DDR begann schon mit der Errichtung der SBZ 1945 und endete mit der DDR 1990. Die Landwirtschaftspolitik der DDR (ab 1949) lässt sich in drei Entwicklungsphasen einteilen. Zuerst wurden in der sogenannten Bodenreform etwa 40 Prozent der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzfläche entschädigungslos enteignet und neu verteilt. Ab 1952 begann in einer zweiten Phase die Kollektivierung mit der gleichzeitigen Abschaffung inhabergeführter landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe. Schon in den 1960er Jahren begann eine dritte Phase der Spezialisierung und „Industrialisierung“, in der die DDR-Führung erfolglos versuchte, mit den durch die Zwangskollektivierung entstandenen Strukturen ökonomisch gegenüber dem sogenannten kapitalistischen Ausland die Überlegenheit des Sozialismus (de)
  • This article describes the development of agriculture in East Germany, both the Soviet occupation zone of Germany as well as the German Democratic Republic (GDR) between the years 1945 and 1990. The agricultural policy in the GDR occurred in three phases. The first of which was the so-called Bodenreform ("land reform"), where around 40% of the land used for cultivation was expropriated and redistributed without compensation. In 1952 the second phase of collectivization coincided with the abolition of privately owned and run farms. As early as the 1960s the third phase of specialization and industrialization began, in which the GDR leadership tried unsuccessfully to demonstrate the superiority of socialism through forced collectivization and economic structures which originated in oppositio (en)
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  • Landwirtschaft in der DDR (de)
  • Agriculture in East Germany (en)
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