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- Shankaracharya, is a commonly used title of heads of maţhas (monasteries) in the Advaita tradition. The title derives from Adi Shankara, a theologian of Hinduism, who is one of the best representative of the true tradition of Hinduism. He is honoured as Jagadguru, a title that was used earlier only to Lord Krishna. established mainly four maţhas in four regions of India. The Shankaracharya tradition is described in Maharishi Mahesh Yogi's commentary on Verse 2, Chapter 4 of the Bhagavad-Gita. The popular view among historians is that there were four mathas established by Ādi Śankara which are: the Uttarāmnāya matha, or northern matha at Joshimath the Pūrvāmnāya matha or eastern matha, the Govardhana matha, at Puri the Dakshināmnāya matha, or the Sringeri Sharada Peetham, the southern matha, at Shringeri the Paśchimāmnāya matha, or the Dwaraka Pitha, the western matha, at Dwarka . It is also not surprising that there are a number of other mathas, which also claim to have been directly established by Adi Shankaracharya himself. One such institution which is very popular today is Kanchi matha . Like in all other religions and sects, there is a certain amount of rivalry between certain groups who claim to have been initiated into the Shankaracharya Order. The existence of such multiple mathas need not be surprising since it is very much possible that a Guru/or descendant of the shankaracharya lineage could have had many disciples. This could have resulted in the branching out of the parent institution. It is also possible that a Guru might have died without naming a successor leading to the formation of rival groups. It is a historically known fact that some of the mathas - such as the Joshimath and Govardhan matha have a broken lineage and were later revived.
- Shankaracharya bezeichnet einen Titel und das damit verbundene Amt spiritueller Führer und Äbte in Indien. Shankaracharyas sind Vorsteher eines der vier großen Shankaracharya-Orden, deren Tradition bis zu Adi Shankara, dem großen Erneuerer der vedischen Tradition des Sanatana Dharma, zurückreicht. Adi Shankara, auch Shankaracharya („Meister Shankara“) genannt, hatte vier wichtige Schüler, Padma-Pada, Hasta-Malaka, Vartika-Kara und Trotaka, von denen jeder ein Kloster (Matha) im Norden, Süden, Osten und Westen Indiens begründete. Deren Amtsnachfolger, die den Titel Shankaracharya tragen, bewahren bis heute die Tradition und das Wissen Shankaras. Auch bekannte spirituelle Meister der Neuzeit entstammen den Traditionen der Shankaracharya-Mathas, wie Ramakrishna (Puri Math) oder Maharishi Mahesh Yogi (Jyotir Math).
- Shankaracharya (IAST śaṅkarācārya, "maestro Shankara") è il titolo con il quale sono chiamati i capi dei quattro monasteri che la tradizione Advaita vuole fondati da Adi Shankara e per tale motivo considerati le più alte autorità spirituali dell'Induismo. Il primo shankaracharya della storia fu - secondo la tradizione induista - lo stesso Adi Shankara che fondò in India quattro monasteri (detti matha o mutt) in corrispondenza dei quattro punti cardinali: a nord il monastero di Joshimath detto Jyotish Peetham o Uttaramnaya matha (IAST Uttarāmnāya maţha, "monastero del nord"); a est il monastero di Puri detto Govardhan Peetham o Purvamnaya matha (IAST Pūrvāmnāya maţha, "monastero dell'est"); a ovest il monastero di Dwarka detto Sharada Peetham o Paschimamnaya matha (IAST Paśchimāmnāya maţha, "monastero dell'ovest"); a sud il monastero di Sringeri detto anch'esso Sharada Peetham o Dakshinamnaya matha (IAST Dakshināmnāya maţha, "monastero del sud"). A questi quattro monasteri originari si è aggiunto in seguito quello di Kanchi dove, secondo la tradizione locale, sarebbe morto Adi Shankara. Attualmente gli shankaracharya sono: a Joshimath e a Dwarka Swarupananda Saraswati; a Puri Nischalananda Saraswati; a Sringeri Bharati Tirtha; e a Kanchi Sankara Vijayendra Saraswati.
- Shankaracharya is in de traditie van het Oude India de benaming van een positie die bekleed wordt door een hooggeplaatste. Deze moet aan enkele traditioneel vastgelegde criteria voldoen. De functie is vergelijkbaar met die van rector van een universiteit. Shankara had vier onderwijszetels opgericht voor de voortzetting van zijn filosofie. In de Advaitatraditie worden deze maţhas genoemd (een soort 'kloosters'). Elk daarvan kreeg een shankaracharya aan het hoofd. De vier traditionele instellingen die naar verluidt door Ādi Śankara werden gesticht zijn: de Uttarāmnāya matha, of noordelijke math van Jyotirmath de Pūrvāmnāya matha of oostelijke math, de Govardhana matha, in Puri de Dakshināmnāya matha, of de Sringeri Sharada Peetham, de zuidelijke math, te Shringeri de Paśchimāmnāya matha, of de Dwaraka Pitha, de westelijke math, in Dwarka . De zetelhouders van deze vier instituten worden benoemd na strenge selectie. Zo is de zetel van Jyotirmath een tijd onbezet gebleven bij gebrek aan een kandidaat die aan de gestelde voorwaarden voldeed. Het gaat hier niet enkel om theoretische kennis, maar ook om praktische realisatie van de eigen ontwikkeling.
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- Shankaracharya, is a commonly used title of heads of maţhas (monasteries) in the Advaita tradition. The title derives from Adi Shankara, a theologian of Hinduism, who is one of the best representative of the true tradition of Hinduism. He is honoured as Jagadguru, a title that was used earlier only to Lord Krishna. established mainly four maţhas in four regions of India. The Shankaracharya tradition is described in Maharishi Mahesh Yogi's commentary on Verse 2, Chapter 4 of the Bhagavad-Gita.
- Shankaracharya bezeichnet einen Titel und das damit verbundene Amt spiritueller Führer und Äbte in Indien. Shankaracharyas sind Vorsteher eines der vier großen Shankaracharya-Orden, deren Tradition bis zu Adi Shankara, dem großen Erneuerer der vedischen Tradition des Sanatana Dharma, zurückreicht.
- Shankaracharya (IAST śaṅkarācārya, "maestro Shankara") è il titolo con il quale sono chiamati i capi dei quattro monasteri che la tradizione Advaita vuole fondati da Adi Shankara e per tale motivo considerati le più alte autorità spirituali dell'Induismo.
- Shankaracharya is in de traditie van het Oude India de benaming van een positie die bekleed wordt door een hooggeplaatste. Deze moet aan enkele traditioneel vastgelegde criteria voldoen. De functie is vergelijkbaar met die van rector van een universiteit. Shankara had vier onderwijszetels opgericht voor de voortzetting van zijn filosofie. In de Advaitatraditie worden deze maţhas genoemd (een soort 'kloosters'). Elk daarvan kreeg een shankaracharya aan het hoofd.
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