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Extreme value theory or extreme value analysis (EVA) is a branch of statistics dealing with the extreme deviations from the median of probability distributions. It seeks to assess, from a given ordered sample of a given random variable, the probability of events that are more extreme than any previously observed. Extreme value analysis is widely used in many disciplines, such as structural engineering, finance, earth sciences, traffic prediction, and geological engineering. For example, EVA might be used in the field of hydrology to estimate the probability of an unusually large flooding event, such as the 100-year flood. Similarly, for the design of a breakwater, a coastal engineer would seek to estimate the 50-year wave and design the structure accordingly.

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  • Teoria de valors extrems (ca)
  • Extremwerttheorie (de)
  • Teoría de valores extremos (es)
  • Extreme value theory (en)
  • Teoria dei valori estremi (it)
  • Théorie des valeurs extrêmes (fr)
  • Extreme waarde (kansrekening) (nl)
  • 极值理论 (zh)
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  • Die Extremwerttheorie (englisch extreme value theory) ist ein Teilgebiet der mathematischen Statistik, das sich mit maximalen und minimalen Werten von Stichproben beschäftigt. Ein zentrales Resultat ist die Tatsache, dass für das Maximum (und das Minimum) einer Stichprobe (egal welcher Verteilung) nur drei Typen von Grenzverteilungen möglich sind, welche sich in einer so genannten verallgemeinerten Extremwertverteilung zusammenfassen lassen. Max-stabile Prozesse erweitern die mehrdimensionale Extremwerttheorie hin zum unendlichdimensionalen Fall. (de)
  • Extreme value theory or extreme value analysis (EVA) is a branch of statistics dealing with the extreme deviations from the median of probability distributions. It seeks to assess, from a given ordered sample of a given random variable, the probability of events that are more extreme than any previously observed. Extreme value analysis is widely used in many disciplines, such as structural engineering, finance, earth sciences, traffic prediction, and geological engineering. For example, EVA might be used in the field of hydrology to estimate the probability of an unusually large flooding event, such as the 100-year flood. Similarly, for the design of a breakwater, a coastal engineer would seek to estimate the 50-year wave and design the structure accordingly. (en)
  • La théorie des valeurs extrêmes est une branche des statistiques qui s'intéresse aux valeurs extrêmes des distributions de probabilité. Elle a été développée par Émil Julius Gumbel. (fr)
  • La teoria dei valori estremi, in inglese Extreme Value Theory (EVT), è una branca della statistica che studia le deviazioni estreme dalla porzione centrale di una distribuzione di probabilità. La teoria si occupa, in contrapposizione con il teorema del limite centrale, di modellare la probabilità degli eventi estremi, cioè degli eventi che hanno una bassa probabilità di verificarsi. I suoi risultati hanno una notevole rilevanza nella valutazione del rischio che caratterizza questi eventi rari, come ad esempio crolli della borsa valori e i disastri naturali, ma anche in molti campi dell'ingegneria. (it)
  • 极值理论是处理与概率分布的中值相离极大的情况的理论,常用来分析概率罕见的情况,如百年一遇的地震、洪水等,在风险管理和可靠性研究中时常用到。极值理论最早由提出的Emil Julius Gambul阐述。极值理论和很多广泛应用的分布如正态分布、威布尔分布相联系。 (zh)
  • La teoria o anàlisi de valors extrems (EVA, de l'anglès extreme value analysis) és una branca de l'estadística que tracta les extremes de la mediana de les distribucions de probabilitat. Es pretén avaluar, a partir d'una mostra ordenada determinada d'una variable aleatòria dada, la probabilitat d'esdeveniments que siguin més extrems que els observats prèviament. (ca)
  • La teoría de valores extremos o análisis de valores extremos (AVE) es una rama de la estadística que trata de las desviaciones respecto a al valor esperado de una distribución de probabilidad. El objetivo del análisis de valores extremos, es evaluar, dada una muestra de una variable aleatoria, la probabilidad de eventos o valores más extremos que los observados previamente. Por esa razón el análisis de valor extremo se usa ampliamente en muchas disciplinas, como la ingeniería estructural, el análisis del riesgo financiero, las ciencias geológicas, la ingeniería sísmica e hidrológica o la predicción del tráfico. Así por ejemplo el AVE se ha usado en hidrología para estimar la probabilidad de una riada o inundación inusual, que en inglés se denomina 100-year flood ("inundación del siglo" así (es)
  • In de kansrekening en de statistiek is een extreme waarde het maximum of het minimum in een aselecte steekproef. In de theorie over extreme waarden bestudeert men de mogelijke verdeling van de extreme waarden. Deze theorie heeft haar oorsprong in het werk van de Duitse wiskundige die de Gumbel-verdeling beschreef in de jaren vijftig. Centraal in de theorie staat het resultaat dat onder bepaalde voorwaarden als limietverdeling voor een extreme waarde slechts drie verdelingen mogelijk zijn, onafhankelijk van de oorspronkelijke verdeling in de steekproef. (nl)
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