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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Unborn_Victims_of_Violence_Act
rdf:type
owl:Thing yago:Issue105814650 yago:Legislation106535222 yago:Cognition100023271 yago:CivilLaw108453464 yago:Group100031264 yago:Law108441203 yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:Content105809192 yago:Collection107951464 yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100 yago:WikicatLegalIssuesInPregnancy
rdfs:label
Unborn Victims of Violence Act
rdfs:comment
The Unborn Victims of Violence Act of 2004 (Public Law 108-212) is a United States law that recognizes an embryo or fetus in utero as a legal victim, if they are injured or killed during the commission of any of over 60 listed federal crimes of violence. The law defines "child in utero" as "a member of the species Homo sapiens, at any stage of development, who is carried in the womb."
rdfs:seeAlso
dbr:Feticide dbr:The_United_States
dbp:name
Unborn Victims of Violence Act of 2004
foaf:depiction
n13:TracyAndZachariahAtFuneral.jpg n13:Bush_signing_Unborn_Victims_of_Violence_Act_of_2004.jpg
dcterms:subject
dbc:Legal_issues_in_pregnancy dbc:United_States_federal_abortion_legislation dbc:Acts_of_the_108th_United_States_Congress dbc:United_States_federal_criminal_legislation
dbo:wikiPageID
554199
dbo:wikiPageRevisionID
1123543152
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink
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yago-res:Unborn_Victims_of_Violence_Act freebase:m.02pcvs wikidata:Q15407579 n26:XraD
dbp:titleAmended
1810
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate
dbt:See_also dbt:Abortion_in_the_United_States dbt:Webarchive dbt:Short_description dbt:USStat dbt:USPL dbt:USBill dbt:Infobox_U.S._legislation dbt:USC dbt:Reflist
dbo:thumbnail
n13:TracyAndZachariahAtFuneral.jpg?width=300
dbp:citeStatutesAtLarge
–570
dbp:introducedby
Melissa Hart
dbp:introduceddate
2003-05-07
dbp:introducedin
House
dbp:passedbody
House Senate
dbp:passeddate
2004-02-26 2004-03-25
dbp:passedvote
254 61
dbp:signeddate
2004-04-01
dbp:signedpresident
dbr:George_W._Bush
dbp:committees
dbr:United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary
dbp:date
2004-11-01
dbp:enactedBy
108
dbp:fullname
An Act To amend title 18, United States Code, and the Uniform Code of Military Justice to protect unborn children from assault and murder, and for other purposes.
dbp:nickname
Laci and Conner's Law
dbp:url
n24:
dbo:abstract
The Unborn Victims of Violence Act of 2004 (Public Law 108-212) is a United States law that recognizes an embryo or fetus in utero as a legal victim, if they are injured or killed during the commission of any of over 60 listed federal crimes of violence. The law defines "child in utero" as "a member of the species Homo sapiens, at any stage of development, who is carried in the womb." The law is codified in two sections of the United States Code: Title 18, Chapter 1 (Crimes), §1841 (18 USC 1841) and Title 10, Chapter 22 (Uniform Code of Military Justice) §919a (Article 119a). The law applies only to certain offenses over which the United States government has jurisdiction, including certain crimes committed on federal properties, against certain federal officials and employees, and by members of the military. In addition, it covers certain crimes that are defined by statute as federal offenses wherever they occur, no matter who commits them, such as certain crimes of terrorism. Due to the principles of federalism embodied in the United States Constitution, federal criminal law does not apply to crimes prosecuted by the individual U.S. states, although 38 states also recognize the fetus or "unborn child" as a crime victim, at least for purposes of homicide or feticide. The legislation was both hailed and vilified by various legal observers who interpreted the measure as a step toward granting legal personhood to human fetuses, even though the bill explicitly contained a provision excepting abortion, stating that the bill would not "be construed to permit the prosecution" "of any person for conduct relating to an abortion for which the consent of the pregnant woman, or a person authorized by law to act on her behalf", "of any person for any medical treatment of the pregnant woman or her unborn child" or "of any woman with respect to her unborn child". The reticence of a federal law to authorize federal prosecution of a particular act committed under federal jurisdiction does not prevent states from passing their own laws against the act committed under their jurisdiction. Meanwhile, the definition of all unborn babies as "members of the species homo sapiens" in section (d) says what proposed "personhood" laws say. Sponsors of such proposals say such legal language will trigger the collapse clause in Roe v. Wade, by establishing what they suggest Roe said must be established for legal abortion to end. Several state supreme courts have ruled that sections (a) through (c) are not threatened by Roe, but no court has addressed whether Roe can survive the suggested triggering of its collapse clause by section (d). The legislation was originally advocated by Senator Lindsay Graham, then later on the legislation was introduced in the house as H.R. 1997 by Melissa Hart in May 7, 2003. The enactment of the legislation was found to be essential, since it would make it a separate offense to harm a fetus. The legislation contained the alternate title of Laci and Conner's Law after the California mother (Laci Peterson) and fetus (Conner Peterson) whose deaths were widely publicized during the later stages of the congressional debate on the bill in 2003 and 2004. Husband Scott Peterson was convicted of double homicide under California's fetal homicide law.
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,
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