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Subject Item
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Allan H. MacDonald Allan H. MacDonald Аллан Макдональд Allan Hugh MacDonald ألان إتش ماكدونالد
rdfs:comment
Allan H. MacDonald is a theoretical condensed matter physicist and the Sid W. Richardson Foundation Regents Chair Professor of Physics at The University of Texas at Austin. He was born in Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada, and attended local schools completing a B.S. at St. Francis Xavier University in 1973. He completed his Ph.D.in physics at The University of Toronto in 1978, working with S.H. Vosko on relativistic generalizations of density functional theory, and on the application of density functional theory to magnetism in metals. ألان إتش ماكدونالد (بالإنجليزية: Allan H. MacDonald)‏ هو فيزيائي وأستاذ جامعي أمريكي وكندي، ولد في 1 ديسمبر 1951 في Antigonish ‏ في كندا. Allan Hugh MacDonald (* 1. Dezember 1951 in Antigonish, Nova Scotia) ist ein kanadischer theoretischer Festkörperphysiker. 2007 erhielt er den Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize für grundlegende experimentelle und theoretische Forschung zu korrelierten Vielelektronensystemen in niedrigen Dimensionen. Außerdem erhielt er die Herzberg Medal der Canadian Association of Physicists. Er ist Fellow der American Physical Society. Er ist seit 1974 verheiratet und hat zwei Kinder. Allan Hugh MacDonald Antigonish, Nova Escócia, 1 de dezembro de 1951) é um físico canadense, especialista em física do estado sólido. Recebeu o Prêmio Oliver E. Buckley de Matéria Condensada de 2007. É fellow da American Physical Society. Em 2005 foi eleito membro da Academia de Artes e Ciências dos Estados Unidos, e em 2010 da Academia Nacional de Ciências dos Estados Unidos. Recebeu o Prêmio Wolf de Física de 2020. Аллан Х. Макдональд (1 грудня 1951
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dbo:abstract
Allan Hugh MacDonald Antigonish, Nova Escócia, 1 de dezembro de 1951) é um físico canadense, especialista em física do estado sólido. Recebeu o Prêmio Oliver E. Buckley de Matéria Condensada de 2007. É fellow da American Physical Society. MacDonald estudou na Universidade de São Francisco Xavier Antigonish, onde obteve o bacharelado em 1973, e na Universidade de Toronto, com um mestrado em 1974 e um doutorado em física em 1978, com a tese On a relativistic density functional formation. De 1987 a 2000 foi professor na Indiana University Bloomington, sendo desde 2000 professor da Universidade do Texas em Austin (Sid W. Richardson Professor). Em 2005 foi eleito membro da Academia de Artes e Ciências dos Estados Unidos, e em 2010 da Academia Nacional de Ciências dos Estados Unidos. Recebeu o Prêmio Wolf de Física de 2020. ألان إتش ماكدونالد (بالإنجليزية: Allan H. MacDonald)‏ هو فيزيائي وأستاذ جامعي أمريكي وكندي، ولد في 1 ديسمبر 1951 في Antigonish ‏ في كندا. Allan H. MacDonald is a theoretical condensed matter physicist and the Sid W. Richardson Foundation Regents Chair Professor of Physics at The University of Texas at Austin. He was born in Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada, and attended local schools completing a B.S. at St. Francis Xavier University in 1973. He completed his Ph.D.in physics at The University of Toronto in 1978, working with S.H. Vosko on relativistic generalizations of density functional theory, and on the application of density functional theory to magnetism in metals. Prior to joining the University of Texas, he worked at the Ottawa laboratory of the National Research Council of Canada (1978-1987) and at Indiana University (1987-2000). He has held visiting positions at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and the Max Plank Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart. MacDonald's research has focused on new or unexplained phenomena related to the quantum physics of interacting electrons in materials. He has contributed to theories of the integer and fractional Quantum Hall effects, spintronics in metals and semiconductors, topological Bloch bands and momentum-space Berry curvature phenomena, correlated electron-hole fluids and exciton and polariton condensates, and two-dimensional materials. In 2011 MacDonald and Rafi Bistritzer, a former postdoctoral researcher in MacDonald's lab, predicted that it would be possible to realize strong correlation physics in graphene bilayers twisted to a magic relative orientation angle, foreshadowing the field of twistronics. Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, an experimentalist at MIT, found that the magic angle resulted in the unusual electrical properties the UT Austin scientists had predicted. At 1.1 degrees rotation at sufficiently low temperatures, electrons move from one layer to the other, creating a lattice and the phenomenon of superconductivity. The magic angle allows electrical current to pass unimpeded, apparently without energy loss. This could lead to more efficient electrical power transmission or new materials for quantum applications. His recent work is focused on anticipating new physics in moire superlattices, and on achieving a full understanding of magic-angle bilayer graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenide moire superlattice systems. MacDonald received the Canadian Association of Physicists's Herzberg Medal in 1987, the Oliver E. Buckley Prize of the American Physical Society in 2007, the Ernst Mach Honorary Medal of the Czech Academy of Sciences in 2012, and the Wolf Prize in Physics in 2020. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2005 and the National Academy of the Sciences in 2012. Allan Hugh MacDonald (* 1. Dezember 1951 in Antigonish, Nova Scotia) ist ein kanadischer theoretischer Festkörperphysiker. 2007 erhielt er den Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize für grundlegende experimentelle und theoretische Forschung zu korrelierten Vielelektronensystemen in niedrigen Dimensionen. Außerdem erhielt er die Herzberg Medal der Canadian Association of Physicists. Er ist Fellow der American Physical Society. MacDonald studierte an der Saint Francis Xavier University in Antigonish mit dem Bachelor-Abschluss 1973 sowie an der University of Toronto mit dem Master-Abschluss 1974 und der Promotion in Physik 1978 (On a relativistic density functional formation). Als Post-Doktorand war er am Ottawa Laboratory des National Research Council von Kanada, ab 1981 als festes Mitglied. 1987 bis 2000 war er Professor an der Indiana University und seit 2000 ist er Professor an der University of Texas at Austin (Sid W. Richardson Professor). Er war Gastwissenschaftler an der ETH Zürich, dem Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung in Stuttgart und am Caltech. Anfangs befasste er sich mit Dichtefunktionaltheorie mit Anwendung auf metallischen Magnetismus und relativistische Verallgemeinerung. Ab 1982 befasste er sich speziell mit dem (fraktionalen und ganzzahligen) Quantenhalleffekt (QHE). In den 2000er Jahren befasste er sich mit Spintronik, unter anderem ferromagnetischen Halbleitern, Wechselwirkung von magnetischen und Transporteigenschaften (Current induced Torque) und dem Spin-Hall-Effekt, und mit Graphen (u. a. QHE in Graphen). Er war einer derjenigen, der 2003 den intrinsischen Spin-Hall-Effekt vorschlug (unabhängig geschah das gleichzeitig durch Shoucheng Zhang und Kollegen). Mit seinem Post-Doktoranden Rafi Bistritzer untersuchte er die Moiré-Muster in Doppelschicht-Graphen, die sich aus einer gegenseitigen Verschiebung bzw. Drehung der beiden periodischen Gitter gegeneinander ergeben, die neuartigen Transportphänomene die sich daraus ergeben. Bei einem bestimmten magischen Winkel von 1,1 Grad der Verdrehung sollte Supraleitung entstehen. Das wurde 2017 von Pablo Jarillo-Herrero am MIT bestätigt. Mit Hongki Min und Jung-Jung Su sagten sie auch Raumtemperatur-Suprafluidität in Doppelschicht-Graphen voraus. Er ist seit 1974 verheiratet und hat zwei Kinder. 2005 wurde er in die American Academy of Arts and Sciences gewählt, 2010 in die National Academy of Sciences. 2012 erhielt er die Ernst-Mach-Ehrenmedaille. 2020 wurde er mit Bistritzer und Pablo Jarillo-Herrero mit dem Wolf-Preis in Physik ausgezeichnet für Pionierarbeiten theoretischer und experimenteller Art über gegeneinander verdrehten Doppelschicht-Graphen (Laudatio). Die Arbeit über die Vorhersage eines neuartigen Supraleiters in getwistetem Doppelschicht-Graphen wurde anfangs kritisch aufgenommen (auch wenn sie Jarillo-Herrero am MIT anspornte sich weiter experimentell damit zu befassen), insbesondere der Aufsatz von Jarillo-Herrero und Kollegen in Nature 2018 über die experimentelle Bestätigung revolutionierte nach der Laudatio des Wolf-Preises die Physik und löste eine Flut weiterer Veröffentlichungen aus. Аллан Х. Макдональд (1 грудня 1951
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