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- TIFRAC (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Automatic Calculator) was the first computer developed in India, at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai. Initially a TIFR Pilot Machine was developed in the 1950s (operational in 1956). The development of the final machine was started in 1955 and was formally commissioned (and named as TIFRAC, by Jawaharlal Nehru) in 1960. The full machine was in use until 1965. TIFRAC included 2,700 vacuum tubes, 1,700 germanium diodes and 12,500 resistors. It had 2,048 40-bit words of ferrite core memory. This machine was an early adopter of ferrite core memory. The main assembly of TIFRAC, which had vacuum tubes was housed in a massive steel rack measuring 18 feet x 2.5 feet x 8 feet. It was fabricated from modules of 4 feet x 2.5 feet x 8 feet. Each module had steel doors on either side for accessing the circuits. A cathode ray tube display system was developed to serve as an auxiliary output to the computer for analogue and digital display of both graphs and alpha-numeric symbols. A manual console served as the input/output control unit of the computer. The software of TIFRAC were written in a series of commands of 0's and 1's. A British-built HEC 2M computer, happened to be the first digital computer in India, which was imported and installed in Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, during 1955. Prior to that, this institute had developed a small Analog Computer in 1953, which is technically the first computer in India. (en)
- TIFRAC (сокр. от англ. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Automatic Calculator, рус. Автоматический вычислитель Института фундаментальных исследований Тата) — первый компьютер, разработанный в Индии в Институте фундаментальных исследований Тата, в Мумбае. Первоначально в 1950-х годах был разработан прототип — TIFR Pilot Machine. Работы над ним начались в 1955 году и закончились в ноябре 1956 года. Работы над полноценным TIFRAC начались в 1957 году, и компьютер начал официально работать с февраля 1960 года, проработав до 1965 года. В нём было использовано 2 700 электронных ламп, 1 700 германиевых диодов и 12 500 резисторов. Имелось ОЗУ на 2 048 40-битовых слов. В обеих машинах использовалась память на магнитных сердечниках. (ru)
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- TIFRAC (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Automatic Calculator) was the first computer developed in India, at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai. Initially a TIFR Pilot Machine was developed in the 1950s (operational in 1956). The development of the final machine was started in 1955 and was formally commissioned (and named as TIFRAC, by Jawaharlal Nehru) in 1960. The full machine was in use until 1965. A cathode ray tube display system was developed to serve as an auxiliary output to the computer for analogue and digital display of both graphs and alpha-numeric symbols. (en)
- TIFRAC (сокр. от англ. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Automatic Calculator, рус. Автоматический вычислитель Института фундаментальных исследований Тата) — первый компьютер, разработанный в Индии в Институте фундаментальных исследований Тата, в Мумбае. Первоначально в 1950-х годах был разработан прототип — TIFR Pilot Machine. Работы над ним начались в 1955 году и закончились в ноябре 1956 года. В обеих машинах использовалась память на магнитных сердечниках. (ru)
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