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- nomenclatura usada por Paul Dirac (pt)
- old nomenclature which refers to real and complex numbers (en)
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- Quantum Field Theory: A Tourist Guide for Mathematicians (en)
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- In the early days of quantum mechanics when the idea that observables are represented by noncommuting operators was still new and strange, some people spoke of quantum observables as "quantities whose values are q-numbers" — the notion of "q-number" being meant to suggest noncommutativity — as opposed to "quantities whose values are c-numbers," i.e., ordinary complex-valued quantities whose algebra is commutative. One still finds the terms q-number and c-number in the physics literature; in particular, to say that an operator is a c-number is to say that it is a scalar multiple of the identity. (en)
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- C-number (en)
- Número C (pt)
- C-число (ru)
- C數 (zh)
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