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Under Western Eyes (1911) is a novel by Joseph Conrad. The novel takes place in St. Petersburg, Russia, and Geneva, Switzerland, and is viewed as Conrad's response to the themes explored in Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment; Conrad was reputed to have detested Dostoevsky. It has also been interpreted as Conrad's response to his own early life; his father was a Polish independence activist and would-be revolutionary imprisoned by the Russians, but, instead of following in his father's footsteps, at the age of sixteen Conrad left his native land, only to return briefly decades later. Indeed, while writing Under Western Eyes, Conrad suffered a weeks-long breakdown during which he conversed with the novel's characters in Polish.

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  • تحت عيون غربية (ar)
  • Con gli occhi dell'occidente (it)
  • Sous les yeux de l'Occident (fr)
  • 서구인의 눈으로 (ko)
  • W oczach Zachodu (pl)
  • Under Western Eyes (novel) (en)
  • 在西方的目光下 (zh)
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  • Sous les yeux de l'Occident (Under Western Eyes) est un roman de Joseph Conrad, paru en 1911. (fr)
  • 《서구인의 눈으로》(영어: Under Western Eyes)은 조지프 콘래드의 소설이다. (ko)
  • 《在西方的目光下》（英語：Under Western Eyes）是约瑟夫·康拉德的一部小说，出版于1911年。故事发生在俄国的圣彼得堡和瑞士的日内瓦，被视为康拉德对在《罪与罚》中所探讨的主题的反应，康拉德因厌恶陀思妥耶夫斯基而出名。有人说，这也是康拉德对自己早年生活的反应，他的父亲是被俄国人囚禁的著名革命家，但是，康拉德并没有追随父亲的脚踪，而是在十六岁时，离开了自己的祖国，直到几十年后才短暂返回。 事实上，康拉德在写《在西方的目光下》时，经历了长达数周的崩溃，在写作期间，他用波兰语与小说中的人物交谈。 这部小说被认为是康拉德的主要作品之一，在题材上与《间谍》密切相关。它充满了对革命运动和理想的历史性失败的冷嘲热讽和抵触。康拉德在这本书中，和其他人一样，就生命的非理性、性格的不一性、 对无辜者和穷人造成苦难的不公平，以及对我们共同生活者生命的漠视等问题，发表了看法。 这本书的第一批读者是在1905年俄国革命失败后阅读此书。第二批读者则是在1917年的俄国革命之后阅读，改变了读者对作者洞察力的看法。 康拉德在1911年写信给爱德华·加内特说：“ ...在这本书中，我关心的只是想法，排除其他的一切”。 (zh)
  • تحت عيون غربية (بالإنجليزية: Under Western Eyes)‏ هي رواية بقلم جوزيف كونراد نشرت عام 1911. تجري أحداث الرواية في سان بطرسبرج الروسية، وجنيف السويسرية، وينظر إليها على أنها رد من كونراد على المواضيع التي وردت في قصة الجريمة والعقاب، حيث قيل أن كونراد كان يكره دوستويفسكي. ويقول البعض أنها رد من كونراد على سنوات حياته المبكرة؛ فقد كان والده ثوريا شهيرا وسجن من قبل الروس، ولكن بدلا من أن يسير كونراد على خطى والده، غادر وطنه في سن السادسة عشرة إلى الأبد. وفي الواقع، وخلال كتابته للرواية، فقد عانى كونراد من انهيار استمر لأسابيع طويلة تحدث خلالها مع شخصيات الرواية بالبولندية. (ar)
  • Under Western Eyes (1911) is a novel by Joseph Conrad. The novel takes place in St. Petersburg, Russia, and Geneva, Switzerland, and is viewed as Conrad's response to the themes explored in Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment; Conrad was reputed to have detested Dostoevsky. It has also been interpreted as Conrad's response to his own early life; his father was a Polish independence activist and would-be revolutionary imprisoned by the Russians, but, instead of following in his father's footsteps, at the age of sixteen Conrad left his native land, only to return briefly decades later. Indeed, while writing Under Western Eyes, Conrad suffered a weeks-long breakdown during which he conversed with the novel's characters in Polish. (en)
  • Con gli occhi dell'occidente (Under Western Eyes, tradotto in italiano anche come Sotto gli occhi dell'occidente) è un romanzo pubblicato nel 1911 da Joseph Conrad la cui trama si svolge a San Pietroburgo, in Russia, e a Ginevra, in Svizzera. Lo si può collegare a Delitto e castigo di Fëdor Dostoevskij per quanto riguarda lo studio della colpa: è considerato tra le più importanti e significative opere di Conrad e l'argomento trattato è molto vicino anche all'opera precedente dello stesso autore, L'agente segreto (The Secret Agent), pubblicata nel 1907. Entrambi sono, infatti, romanzi politici, che contengono la violenta denuncia dell'autore verso il dispotismo dello zar mentre contemporaneamente ci raccontano dell'avversione di Conrad stesso verso le idee rivoluzionarie tendenti alla negaz (it)
  • W oczach Zachodu (ang. Under Western Eyes) – powieść Josepha Conrada, wydana w 1911 w Londynie w wydawnictwie „Methuen & Company”. Pierwsze polskie wydanie książkowe ukazało się w 1920 we Lwowie nakładem w tłumaczeniu Felicji Nossig pod tytułem Prowokator. Przed wojną wyszło jeszcze tłumaczenie Heleny Janiny Pajzderskiej już pod tytułem W oczach Zachodu (nakładem i Towarzystwa Wydawniczego „Ignis”, 1925). Powojenne tłumaczenie Wita Tarnawskiego wydał w 1974 Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy. (pl)
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  • Under Western Eyes (en)
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  • Under Western Eyes (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Under_Western_Eyes_(novel).jpg
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  • Harper & Brothers(US)
  • Methuen Publishing(UK)
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