Stamina therapy (also known as Stamina method or simply Stamina) was a controversial and unproven treatment marketed in Italy by convicted quack Davide Vannoni during 2007–2014. Mainly aimed at neurodegenerative diseases, the method relied on the conversion of mesenchymal stem cells into neurons. Its details were kept secret by its promoters and Vannoni has never published any details in a scientific journal. In the absence of scientific validation, claims of its therapeutic effectiveness are unproven.